Alexander Scriabin mawaki ne na Rasha kuma madugu. An yi magana da shi a matsayin mawaki- falsafa. Shi ne Alexander Nikolaevich wanda ya zo tare da manufar haske-launi-sauti, wanda shine hangen nesa na waƙa ta amfani da launi.
Ya sadaukar da shekarun ƙarshe na rayuwarsa don ƙirƙirar abin da ake kira "Asiri". Mawaƙin ya yi mafarkin haɗawa a cikin "kwalba" ɗaya - kiɗa, waƙa, rawa, gine-gine da zane-zane. Mutuwar bazata ta hana shi gane shirinsa.
Yarantaka da kuruciya
Alexander kasance mai wuce yarda m da za a haife shi a cikin ƙasa na Moscow. A nan ne ya yi yarinta da kuruciyarsa. An haife shi a cikin gidan manyan mutane na asali.
A cikin dangin Scriabin, kusan duka sojoji ne. Kuma kawai Nikolai Alexandrovich (mahaifin mawaki) ya yanke shawarar karya al'ada. Ya shiga Faculty of Law. A sakamakon haka, shugaban iyali ya zama jami'in diplomasiyya da ya cancanta. Mutum zai iya tsammani cewa Alexander Nikolaevich ya girma a cikin iyali mai wadata.
Mawaƙin ya yi sa'a ba kawai tare da mahaifinsa ba, har ma da mahaifiyarsa. An bayyana wannan mata a matsayin mutum mai gaskiya da kirki. Ta kasance mai ilimi, kuma an ba ta kyawawan dabi'u na ban mamaki. Ƙari ga haka, mahaifiyar Scriabin tana da murya mai kyau kuma tana buga piano da fasaha. Ta yi yawon shakatawa da yawa har ma ta yi wasan kwaikwayo a kan mataki mako guda kafin haihuwar Alexander.
Ranar haihuwar mawakin Rasha shine Disamba 25, 1871. Dole ne ya girma da sauri. Mahaifiyarsa ta rasu ne saboda cin abinci, da kyar ta kai shekara 22. Shugaban iyali, wanda iyalin ke ba da kuɗi, sau da yawa ana tilasta musu yin balaguro na kasuwanci. Alhakin tarbiyyar yara ya sauka a kan kafadun inna da kakanni.
Ƙaunar aikinku
Alexander Nikolaevich yana da ƙaunar kiɗa ga innarsa. Ita ce ta koya wa Scriabin wasan piano. Matar ta lura cewa yaron yana kama waƙoƙi a kan tafiya kuma cikin sauƙi ya rasa su. Ba da daɗewa ba ya riga ya gagara yage shi daga piano. Zai iya ɗaukar sa'o'i yana kunna kayan kida.
A 1882 ya shiga cikin jami'an tsaro. A dabi'a, ruhun Alexander Nikolaevich yana cikin kerawa. Ya ci gaba da yin kida a nan. Uban bai ga dansa a matsayin mawaki ba. Ya so Scriabin ya zama soja.
Abin bautar kuruciyarsa ya kasance Frederic Chopin. Lokacin da Scriabin ya ji ayyukan ban mamaki na mawaƙin, sai ya ɗauki alkalami da takarda. Sa’ad da yake matashi, ya haɗa canon da nocturne na piano. Bayan haka, yana ɗaukar darussan piano da ake biya.
Mafarkinsa ya cika lokacin da ya zama dalibi a Moscow Conservatory. Wannan lamarin ya faru ne a lokacin da yake dan shekara 16 da haihuwa. Ya kammala karatunsa na girmamawa a tsangayar karatu sannan ya bar makarantar da lambar zinare.
Hanyar m da kiɗa na mawaki Alexander Scriabin
Ka tuna cewa Alexander Nikolaevich ya fara rubuta ayyukan kiɗa tun yana yaro. Ya fara tsara kananan yara, zane-zane da preludes. Abubuwan da aka tsara na maestro sun cika da maƙallan waƙoƙi.
A cikin 1894, wasan farko na maestro ya faru a babban birnin al'adu na Rasha. A lokacin yana dan shekara 22 kacal. Ya yi nasarar cika bankin piggy na kiɗa tare da isassun ayyuka masu yawa don gudanar da wasan kide-kide. Wasan kwaikwayo a gida ya yi nasara. Jama'a sun yi murna.
Kyakkyawan maraba ya zaburar da maestro, bayan haka ya tafi yawon shakatawa na Turai. Masu sukar ƙasashen waje sun lura da asali da asalin ayyukan Scriabin. Sun jaddada cewa abubuwan da maestro ya yi sun ƙunshi babban hankali da falsafa.
A ƙarshen 90s, ya fara koyarwa. Ya kasance fiye da larura fiye da sha'awa. Alexander Nikolaevich aka tilasta don tallafawa babban iyali. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa a wannan lokacin Scriabin kuma ya fara girma a matsayin mai fasaha. Yanzu yana kallon kiɗa na musamman azaman ɗaya daga cikin maɓallan isar da ingantaccen tsarin kallon duniya.
Ya yunƙura don rubuta kade-kaɗe da yawa. Scriabin yana kashe canons na nau'in. Masu suka sun mayar da martani ba tare da shakka ba game da ɓacin ran maestro. Sun ƙi karɓar waƙoƙin karimci a cikin sauti mara kyau. A farkon shekara ta 1905, mawaƙin ya gabatar da waƙa ta uku ga jama'a. An kira aikin "Waƙar Ubangiji".
A cikin wasan kwaikwayo na uku, maestro ya gwada aikin marubucin wasan kwaikwayo. Ya yi ƙoƙari ya gyara juyin halittar ruhin ɗan adam a cikin aikin. Abin mamaki, masu sauraro sun karɓi sabon abu sosai. Gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo ya ba da mafi kyawun ra'ayi. Ta bugi masoyan waƙa da bacin rai da shiga. Bi da bi, masu sukar kiɗan da ba za a iya cire su ba sun fahimci halitta a matsayin ƙofar sabon zamani.
Alexander Scriabin: Mafi shahararsa
Maestro yana cikin haske. A kan guguwar nasara mai girma, ya saita game da rubuta "Asiri". Manufar waƙar ita ce haɗa kowane nau'in fasaha. Maestro ya haɓaka ra'ayi mai launin haske-sauti. Ta ƙyale mawallafin ya ga yanayin sauti a cikin launi.
Kusan lokaci guda, ya rubuta manyan ayyuka don piano, ƙungiyar makaɗa da gabobin jiki. Daga cikin litattafan kida, jama'a sun yaba da "Poem of Ecstasy". Yawancin masu sukar lamirin suna danganta aikin ga jerin abubuwan da suka fi daukar hankali na mawakin Rasha.
Mawakin bai tsaya nan ba. Ba da da ewa, masu sha'awar kiɗa sun ji daɗin abun da ke ciki "Prometheus" A cikin wani yanki na kiɗa, wani sashi na daban na haske ne. Alas, ba duk ra'ayoyin ne aka fassara su zuwa gaskiya ba. Misali, farkon abun da ke ciki ya faru ba tare da amfani da kayan aiki na musamman ba. Gabatar da kayan kida dole ne ya kasance tare da canjin raƙuman launi.
Cikakkun bayanai na rayuwar sirri
Scriabin ya kasance koyaushe yana cikin tabo. A cikin gajeren rayuwarsa, an gan shi a cikin dangantaka mai tsanani sau uku. Natalya Sekerina ita ce mace ta farko da babban maestro ya yi soyayya. Sun kasance a cikin wasikar aiki, ya amince da Natasha mafi kusanci. Alexander Nikolaevich fatan cewa ta Sekerina zai zama matarsa. Amma iyayen yarinyar suna da wasu tsare-tsare. Sun dauki matashin mawakin ba jam'iyyar da ta dace da 'yarsu ba.
Vera Ivanovna Isakovich ya zama na farko hukuma matar Maestro. Matar ta kasance na masu kirkire-kirkire. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai wasan piano. Iyalin ma sun gudanar da wani taron kade-kade na hadin gwiwa a babban birnin kasar Faransa. A farkon rayuwar iyali, sun zauna a Rasha, sannan suka koma Turai. An haifi yara 4 a gidan, biyu daga cikinsu sun mutu tun suna kanana.
A 1905, Scriabin da aka gani a cikin dangantaka da Tatyana Shlozer. Matar ta yiwa Scriabin tsafi. Ta kasance tana neman damar saduwa da gunkinta tsawon shekaru. Burinta ya cika a 1902. Scriabin ya yi mamakin yadda yarinyar ta fahimci ayyukansa. Ta yi masa yabo, wanda uwargidan ba ta yi ba.
Schlozer, a karkashin sunan dalibi, ya fara daukar darussa daga Alexander Nikolaevich. Ba jimawa tayi karfin hali ta furta yadda take ji. Bayan wani lokaci Tatyana da Alexander daina boye su matsayi. Abokai da dangi ba za su iya gafarta wa mawallafin wannan labari ba. Vera ta ki ba mijinta saki. Tatyana bai dauki matsayin mace mace ba, kuma ta yi duk rayuwarta a matsayin ƙwarƙwarar. Schlözer ta haifi mijinta ’ya’ya uku.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da mawaki Alexander Scriabin
- A ƙarshen Sonata na Bakwai, maestro ya sanya sautin sauti 25. Masu piano uku za su iya buga shi a lokaci guda.
- Fitaccen masanin falsafa Trubetskoy ya rinjayi ra'ayin marubucin duniya.
- Ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar hayar wani gida a kan Arbat na tsawon shekaru 3. Wa'adin ya ƙare Afrilu 14, 1915. Abin sha'awa shi ne ya rasu a wannan rana.
Shekarun ƙarshe na rayuwar maestro
An yanke ran mawakin. A 1915, ya yi kuka ga likitoci game da ƙurji da ya bayyana a fuskarsa. A sakamakon haka, tsarin kumburi ya tsananta kuma ya shiga cikin sepsis. Babu wani ci gaba na bayyane bayan tiyata. Guba jini na Streptococcal ya haifar da mutuwar maestro. Ya mutu a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1915. An binne gawarsa a makabartar Novodevichy.
Ya kwashe sati guda cikin azaba. Scriabin ya gudanar da zana wasiyya, da kuma a rubuta roko ga sarki, domin ya amince da ƙungiyarsa ta ƙarshe a matsayin doka. Lokacin da hukuma matar Vera Ivanovna gano abin da jihar Aleksandr Nikolaevich, ta yi laushi kadan. Ta kuma nemi a amince da yaran Schlozer a matsayin halas.
