An haifi Singer Arthur (Art) Garfunkel a watan Nuwamba 5, 1941 a Forest Hills, New York zuwa Rose da Jack Garfunkel. Da yake jin sha'awar ɗansa na kiɗa, Jack, mai siyar da balaguro, ya sayi Garfunkel mai rikodin kaset.
Ko da yana ɗan shekara huɗu kacal, Garfunkel ya zauna na sa'o'i da na'urar rikodi; ya rera waka, ya saurara kuma ya gyara muryarsa, sannan ya sake yin nadi. “Ya kara sa ni cikin waka. Yin waƙa, musamman samun damar yin rikodin ta, abin ban mamaki ne kawai, ”in ji shi.
A Makarantar Elementary Forest Hills, matashin Art Garfunkel an san shi da rera waƙoƙi a cikin falon falo da yin wasan kwaikwayo. A aji 6, ya shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo na makaranta "Алиса в стране чудес" tare da abokin karatunsa Paul Simon.
Simon ya san Garfunkel a matsayin mawaki wanda ko da yaushe yana kewaye da 'yan mata. Sun zauna a gida daban-daban a cikin Queens, amma sai da Saminu ya ji waƙar Garfunkel cewa an haɗa makomarsu. Ba da daɗewa ba Duo ya fara rera waƙa a wasan kwaikwayo na basirar makaranta da kuma yin ƙwarewar su kowane dare a cikin ginshiƙi.
A lokacin karatunsu na sakandare, masu cin nasara na Grammy na gaba sun zama Tom Landis da Jerry Graf, suna tsoron cewa ainihin sunayensu ya yi kama da Yahudawa kuma zai hana nasara.
Sun yi ainihin waƙar Simon kuma sun tara kuɗinsu don yin rikodin ƙwararrunsu na farko. Waƙar da ta shafi 'yan'uwansu ta Everly Hey School Girl ta kasance ɗan ƙaramin bugawa, kuma a cikin 1957 ya sami kwangilar rikodi tare da Big Records.
Sun zama baƙi akai-akai zuwa Ginin Brill, suna ba da sabis ɗin su azaman masu fasahar demo ga marubutan waƙa. Bugawar da suka yi ya ba su fitowa a kan madaidaicin bandeji na Amurka Dick Clark, wanda ya ci gaba bayan Jerry Lee Lewis.
Bayan haka, sana’arsu ta waka ta daina, kuma suka fara damuwa cewa sun kai kololuwar shekara 16.
Simon and Garfunkel
Lokacin da makarantar sakandare ta ƙare, Simon da Garfunkel sun yanke shawarar tafiya daban-daban kuma su tafi kwaleji. Garfunkel ya zauna a garinsa kuma ya halarci Jami'ar Columbia, inda ya karanta tarihin fasaha kuma ya shiga ƙungiyar 'yan uwantaka.
Daga baya ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin lissafi. Ci gaba da aikinsa na ilimi a duk tsawon aikinsa, Garfunkel bai daina waƙa ba yayin da yake kwaleji, yana fitar da waƙoƙin solo da yawa a ƙarƙashin sunan Artie Garr.
Har yanzu, hazaka da sha'awa iri ɗaya sun kawo Paul Simon da Art Garfunkel tare. A cikin 1962, tsohon Tom da Jerry sun sake haduwa a matsayin sabon, ƙarin duo mai son jama'a. Ba su ƙara damuwa ba ko ta yaya za a yi musu mummunar fahimta kuma suka fara amfani da ainihin sunayensu na Simon & Garfunkel.
A ƙarshen 1964 sun fito da album ɗin studio Laraba Morning, 3 AM Kasuwanci, babu abin da ya faru, kuma Simon ya tafi Ingila, duo ya yanke shawarar rabuwa da gwaninta.
Furodusa Tom Wilson ya sake haɗa waƙar Sauti na Silence daga wannan kundi kuma ya fitar da shi. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, ta ɗauki matsayi na 1 a kan taswirar Billboard. Simon ya koma Queens inda duo ya sake haduwa kuma ya yanke shawarar yin rikodin da yin ƙarin kiɗa tare.
Simon & Garfunkel sun sake fitar da wani kundi mai bugarwa, sannan kuma wani, haka kuma daya bayan daya, inda kowane rikodin ya ɗauki kiɗan da waƙoƙin su zuwa wani sabon matakin.
Nasarar mahimmanci da kasuwanci ya faru kuma ya karu tare da kowane saki: Sauti na Silence (1966), Parsley, Sage, Rosemary da Thyme (1966) da Bookends (1968). Yayin da suke aiki a kan Bookends, darektan Mike Nichols ya umarce su da su ba da gudummawar waƙa zuwa sautin sauti na The Graduate (1967).
A matsayin wani ɓangare na ainihin fim game da ƙauracewa da daidaituwa, duo ya ƙarfafa sunansu. Wakar su Mrs. Robinson ya zama bugu na 1, yana fitowa a duka waƙoƙin Sauti na Graduate da kundin littattafai.
Bayan shekara guda, Nichols ya jagoranci Catch-22 kuma ya ba Garfunkel rawar. Wannan ya jinkirta samar da kundi na gaba kuma ya fara "shuka iri" don rabuwarsu ta gaba. Dukansu sun koma cikin sabbin hanyoyin kirkira.
A cikin 1970 sun fitar da kundi mafi nasara, Bridge Over Matsala Ruwa, da aka yi rikodin ta amfani da sabbin fasahohin studio na gida da salon kida iri-iri suka rinjayi.
Kundin ya zama babban bugu na kasuwanci kuma ya sami lambobin yabo na Grammy guda shida ciki har da Album na Year, Song of the Year da Record of the Year don taken waƙar.
Wannan shi ne kundi na ƙarshe na studio. Tun da farko sun shirya dawowa tare bayan hutu, amma bayan an rabu da su na ɗan lokaci, ci gaba da ayyukansu daban-daban kamar suna da ma'ana. Simon & Garfunkel bai kasance ba.
Shekaru biyu bayan rabuwar su, Simon & Garfunkel's Best Hits an sake su kuma sun kasance a kan jadawalin Amurka har tsawon makonni 131.
Sana'ar Solo: Duk abin da na sani, Ina da Idanunku ne kawai & ƙari
Paul Simon da Art Garfunkel sun rabu a cikin 1970, amma sun kasance suna da alaƙa da juna da kansu.
Komawa koyaushe ga abokai da abokan aiki, sun sake haduwa sau da yawa a cikin ayyukansu kawai don gano cewa ba za su iya yin aiki tare a waje da ayyukan ɗan gajeren lokaci ba, ba shakka.
A cikin shekaru da yawa, Garfunkel ya tuna da lokacin da suka yi tare: "Koyaushe ina farin cikin faɗi kaɗan a madadin duo. Ina alfahari da rera waɗannan waƙoƙin ban mamaki. Yanzu har ma ana rera wakokin Paul Simon a coci-coci da makarantu a matsayin wani bangare na manhajar karatu..."
A halin yanzu, ya sadaukar da kansa gaba ɗaya ga sana'arsa ta kaɗaici. Kundin sa na farko Angel Clare (1973) ya sami buga Duk abin da na sani Jimmy Webb ya rubuta kuma Simon & Garfunkel Roy Haley ne suka samar. (An ba da waƙar sabuwar rayuwa a cikin 2005 lokacin da aka nuna ta akan Five For Fighting on the Chicken Little soundtrack.)
Kundin sa na gaba, Breakway (1975), ya sake ba shi wani bugu, fasalin murfin gargajiya na I Only Haves For You. Kundin ya fito da fitowar baƙo daga David Crosby, Graham Nash da Stephen Bishop, da kuma sabuwar waƙa ta Simon da Garfunkel ta farko a cikin shekaru biyar, My Little Town, wanda kuma ya bayyana akan kundi na solo na Simon Har yanzu Crazy Bayan Duk waɗannan Shekaru.
Tare da kundi na gaba, Watermark (1977), Garfunkel ya mai da hankali kan haɗin gwiwa tare da mawaƙa guda ɗaya. Jimmy Webb ya rubuta duka waƙoƙin ban da ɗaya: murfin Sam Cooke's hit What A Wonderful World by Garfunkel, Simon da James Taylor, wanda ya kai lamba 17 akan jadawalin.
Mawaƙin ya sake samun wani bugu daga Watermark tare da idanu masu haske, wanda shine baƙin ciki, kyakkyawan waƙar jigo don daidaita fim ɗin Richard Adams na Watership Down.
Kundin sa Scissors Cut (1981) ya kasance babban nasara amma "flop" na kasuwanci ne. Shekara guda bayan haka, Simon da Garfunkel sun buga wani kade-kade tare a Central Park, inda suka karya duk bayanan da ake da su, tare da tattara masu sauraro na 500.
Daga nan suka tafi yawon shakatawa na duniya kuma suka fitar da kundi biyu da HBO na musamman don nunin su a Central Park. Amma haduwar bai dade ba. Tare suka yi watsi da shirin fitar da sabbin abubuwa, kuma Simon ya ajiye wakokin don kundi nasa na solo.
Komawa aikinsa na solo kuma, Garfunkel ya fara da zage-zage don yin wasan kwaikwayo. Ya riga ya yi fina-finai da yawa tare da darekta Mike Nichols, gami da Ilimin Carnal (1971), sannan ya fito a cikin jerin talabijin, gami da shirin "Laverne da Shirley". Kuma a 1998, ya bayyana a kan yara TV show Arthur Like A Singing Moose.
Garfunkel ya ci gaba da yin aiki a kan mataki kuma ya yi rikodin sabon abu. A shekara ta 1990, ya yi magana da mutane miliyan 1,4 bisa bukatar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka a wani gangamin inganta dimokuradiyya a Sofia, Bulgaria.
A wannan shekarar, an kuma shigar da Simon da Garfunkel a cikin Hall of Fame na Rock and Roll. Shekaru uku bayan haka, ya fito da kundi na Up 'Til Now, wanda ya haɗa da duet ɗinsa tare da James Taylor Crying in the Rain, da kuma waƙar wasan kwaikwayon "Brooklyn Bridge" da "Maza Barci Biyu" daga fim ɗin da aka buga A Nasu. League.
A watan Oktoba, ita da Simon sun buga wasan kwaikwayo 21 da aka sayar a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Paramount a New York. A cikin 1997, ya yi rikodin kundi na yara wanda ɗansa James ya yi wahayi, yana nuna waƙoƙin Cat Stevens, Marvin Gay da John Lennon-Paul McCartney.
A cikin 1998, ya fara fara rubuta waƙa a cikin kundin sa Kowa yana son a gani.
A cikin 2003, ya sake ɗaukar matakin tare da Simon, inda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award kuma yana wasa Sauti na Silence kai tsaye.
Sun sake zagayawa bayan haka, kuma a cikin 2005 sun yi Gada akan Ruwan Ruwa, Kan Hanyar Gida, da Mrs. Robinson a wurin bikin fa'ida ga wadanda guguwar Katrina ta shafa a Lambun Madison.
Ya kasance yana shagaltuwa da rashin natsuwa kowace shekara. Koyaushe tsarin aiki ne da shirin yawon shakatawa, amma a cikin 2010 ya fara samun matsala tare da igiyoyin muryarsa, wanda ya zama sananne ga jama'a. Na tuna musamman wasan kwaikwayo tare da Simon a Jazz and Heritage Festival a New Orleans. Yaƙi ne don yin waƙa kwata-kwata.
Yana da muryoyin murya kuma ya fara rasa tsakiyar zangon sa. Ya kwashe kusan shekaru hudu yana murmurewa. Ya ba da labarinsa ga mujallar Rolling Stone a cikin 2014 cewa ya dawo da kashi 96%, amma har yanzu yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kaɗan don lafiyarsa ta inganta.
A cikin 2016, Bernie Sanders ya yi amfani da waƙar Simon da Garfunkel "Amurka" (tare da izininsu) a cikin kamfen ɗinsa da bai yi nasara ba don tabbatar da takarar Demokraɗiyya na shugaban ƙasa. "Ina son Bernie," Garfunkel ya fada wa New York Times. "Ina son yakinsa. Ina son darajarsa da matsayinsa. Ina son wannan waƙar!".
Gabatarwa
A yau, Art Garfunkel ya ci gaba da yin rikodi da yin ayyukan solo, da kuma haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙwararrun masu fasaha irin su James Taylor da Bruce Springsteen. Mawakin ya kuma ci gaba da fitowa a fina-finai.
A cikin 1980s, daya daga cikin abubuwan sha'awa shine tafiya mai nisa; ya tsallaka Japan da Amurka da ƙafa. A lokacin tafiyarsa, ya fara rubuta waƙa kuma a cikin 1989 ya buga Still Water.
A cikin 2017, ya ƙara wani tarihin tarihin kansa da aka buga, Menene Duk Amma Haske: Bayanan kula daga Mutumin Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa, haɗaɗɗen waƙa, jeri, tafiye-tafiye, da tunani akan matarsa.
Garfunkel ya ci gaba da sha'awar tafiya mai nisa tsawon shekaru da dama. Yanzu, da ya zagaya cikin babban yanki na duniya, har yanzu ya yi imanin cewa kwarewar rayuwarsa ba ta kasance ga abin da ya samu ba, amma game da abin da aka ba shi.
Art Garfunkel na sirri rayuwa
Yayin da shekarun 1970 suka tabbatar da nasara, shekarun 1980 sun kasance ƙalubale ga Garfunkel duka da fasaha da kuma na kai. Bayan ɗan gajeren aure da Linda Grossman a farkon shekarun 1970, Garfunkel ya yi kwanan wata 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Laurie Bird tsawon shekaru biyar.
A cikin 1979, ta kashe kanta, ta bar Garfunkel a cikin zuciya. Ya yaba da gajeriyar dangantakarsa amma mai farin ciki tare da Penny Marshall don taimaka masa ya murmure daga asarar, bayan haka ya ba da bacin rai a cikin kundi na 1981 Scissors Cut sadaukarwa ga Byrd.
A cikin 1985, ya sadu da samfurin Kim Cermak akan saitin Good To Go. Ma’auratan sun yi aure bayan shekara uku kuma suka haifi ‘ya’ya maza biyu.
