An haifi Celia Cruz a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, 1925 a Barrio Santos Suarez, a Havana. "Sarauniyar Salsa" (kamar yadda ake kiranta tun tana karama) ta fara samun muryarta ta yin magana da masu yawon bude ido.
Rayuwarta da kyawawan ayyukanta sune batun baje koli na baya-bayan nan a gidan tarihi na tarihin Amurka da ke Washington DC.
Celia Cruz aiki
Celia ta kasance mai sha'awar kiɗa tun tana ƙarami. Takalmin ta na farko kyauta ce daga wani yawon bude ido da ta yi waka.
Mawakin dai ya fara sana'ar sa tun yana matashiya, a lokacin da inna da kawunta suka kai ta gidan rawa a matsayin mai yin wakoki. Duk da cewa mahaifinta yana son ta zama malami, mawakin ya bi zuciyarta kuma ya zaɓi kiɗa maimakon.
Ta shiga Cibiyar Kade-kade ta Kasa ta Havana, inda ta horar da muryarta kuma ta koyi wasan piano.
A ƙarshen 1940s, Celia Cruz ta shiga gasar rediyo mai son. Sakamakon haka ta yi nasarar jawo hankalin furodusoshi da mawaka masu tasiri.
An kira Celia a matsayin mawaƙa a cikin ƙungiyar raye-rayen Las Mulatas de Fuego, wadda ta yi tafiya a cikin Latin Amurka. A cikin 1950, ta zama jagorar mawaƙa na La Sonora Matancera, mashahurin ƙungiyar makaɗa na Cuba.
Mawaƙin ya sha fitowa a cikin shirye-shiryen bidiyo masu alaƙa da salsa. Ta yi wasa a ko'ina cikin Latin Amurka da Turai.
Mawallafin ya kasance mafi girman mawaƙin salsa da ya sami kuɗi, tare da rikodin rikodin sama da 50. Nasarar da ta samu ya samo asali ne saboda haɗe-haɗe na ban mamaki na muryar mezzo mai ƙarfi da ma'ana ta musamman.
Celia Cruz a New York
A cikin 1960, Cruz ya shiga ƙungiyar makaɗar Tito Puente. Kayanta masu haske da fara'a sun faɗaɗa da'irar magoya baya.
Ƙungiyar ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a lokacin a cikin sabon sautin da ke tasowa a cikin 1960s da 1970s, kiɗan da aka dogara akan Cuban da Afro-Latin gauraye kiɗan da za a san su da salsa.
Celia ta zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka a 1961. Har ila yau, a cikin 1961, ta sadu da Pedro Knight (mai busa ƙaho tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa), wanda ta yi kwangilar yin wasan kwaikwayo a Hollywood, California.
A 1962 ta aure shi. Bugu da ari, a cikin 1965, Pedro ya yanke shawarar dakatar da aikinsa don gudanar da aikin matarsa.
A farkon 1970, Cruz ya kasance mawaƙa a cikin Fania All-Stars. Ta zagaya da kungiyar a duk duniya, ciki har da kwanan wata a London, Ingila, Faransa da Afirka.
A cikin 1973, mawaƙin ya rera waƙa a cikin Hall na Carnagie na New York kamar yadda Gracia Divina a cikin wasan opera na Latin Larry Harlow Hommy-A. A wannan lokacin ne waƙar salsa ta shahara a Amurka.
A cikin shekarun 1970s, Cruz ya yi tare da sauran mawaƙa, ciki har da Johnny Pacheco da William Anthony Colon.
Cruz ya rubuta wani kundi tare da Johnny Pacheco a cikin 1974 mai suna Celia & Johnny. Ɗaya daga cikin waƙoƙin kundin Quimbera ya zama waƙar marubuci a gare ta.
Criticism
Mai zargi Peter Roughing na The New York Times ya bayyana muryar mai zane a cikin wasan kwaikwayon na 1995: "Muryar ta ta yi kama da wani abu mai ɗorewa - baƙin ƙarfe."
A cikin wani bita na Nuwamba 1996 na wasan kwaikwayon a Blue Note, Greenwich Village (New York), wanda Peter Roughing shima ya rubuta wa waccan takarda, ya lura da yadda mawaƙi ke amfani da "arziƙi, harshe na kwatanci".
Ya kara da cewa, "Halayyar kirki ce da ba kasafai ake jin ta ba idan hada harsuna da al'adu da kuma zamani ke kara kaimi."
Kyautar mawaƙa
A duk tsawon aikinta, Celia ta yi rikodin albam da waƙoƙi sama da 80, ta karɓi lambobin yabo na Gold Records 23 da lambobin yabo na Grammy biyar. Ta yi wasa tare da manyan mashahurai da dama, ciki har da Gloria Estefan, Dionne Warwick, Ismael Rivera da Wyclef Jean.
A cikin 1976, Cruz ya shiga cikin shirin Salsa tare da Dolores del Rio da William Anthony Colon, wanda ta yi rikodin wakoki uku a cikin 1977, 1981 da 1987.
Jarumar ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin fina-finan Hollywood da dama: The Perez Family da The Mambo Kings. A cikin wadannan fina-finai, ta yi nasarar daukar hankalin jama'ar Amurkawa.
Ko da yake Celia na ɗaya daga cikin ƴan mawakan Latina da ke da yawan jama'a a Amurka, matsalolin yare sun hana ta shiga cikin jerin waƙoƙin pop a Amurka.
Ba kamar yawancin ƙasashen Turai ba, inda mutane ke magana da harsuna da dama, ana kunna kiɗan Amurka a cikin yaren wannan ƙasa, don haka ana yin salsa na ɗan lokaci kaɗan, kamar yadda ake yin ta da wani yare banda Ingilishi.
Celia tana da tauraro a Hollywood Walk of Fame kuma shugaba Bill Clinton ya ba shi lambar yabo ta Fasaha ta Amurka. Ta kuma sami digiri na girmamawa daga Jami'ar Yale da Jami'ar Miami.
Cruz ta sha alwashin ba za ta yi ritaya ba, kuma ta ci gaba da rera wakoki ko da bayan da aka gano tana da ciwon kwakwalwa da ta rasu a shekara ta 2003.
Album dinta na karshe shine ake kira Regalo del Alma. Kundin ya lashe Grammy don Best Salsa/Merengue Album da Latin Grammy don Best Salsa Album bayan mutuwa a 2004.
Bayan mutuwarta, dubban daruruwan magoya bayan Cruz sun je wuraren tunawa a Miami da New York, inda aka binne ta a makabartar Woodlawn.
