Jessye Norman yana daya daga cikin mawakan opera masu taken opera a duniya. Soprano da mezzo-soprano - sun ci nasara da masoya kiɗan fiye da miliyan ɗaya a duniya. Mawakiyar ta yi rawar gani a wajen bukin rantsar da shugaban kasar Ronald Reagan da Bill Clinton, sannan kuma magoya bayanta sun rika tunawa da ita saboda irin kuzarin da ta yi. Masu sukar sun kira Norman da "Black Panther", da "magoya bayansa" kawai sun ƙasƙantar da baƙar fata. Muryar wanda ya lashe kyautar Grammy Jesse Norman ya daɗe ana gane shi azaman na musamman.
Magana: Mezzo-soprano a cikin makarantar Italiyanci ana kiranta muryar da ta buɗe na uku a ƙarƙashin soprano mai ban mamaki.
Yaro da matashi na Jessye Norman
Ranar haifuwar mawaƙin shine Satumba 15, 1945. An haife ta a Augusta, Georgia. Jessie ta girma a cikin babban iyali. Normans sun mutunta kiɗa - sun saurare shi sau da yawa, da yawa kuma "cikin sha'awar".
Duk ’yan uwa na babban iyali mawaƙa ne. Uwa da kaka suna yin mawaƙa, kuma uba yana rera waƙa a cikin mawakan coci. ’Yan’uwa maza da mata kuma sun koyi kidan kida da wuri. Wannan kaddara ba ta ketare Jessie Norman mai rauni ba.
Ta halarci Makarantar Elementary Charles T. Walker. Tun tana karama babban sha'awarta shine waka. Tun tana ɗan shekara bakwai, Jesse yana shiga cikin gasa daban-daban na kiɗa da ƙirƙira. Sau da yawa daga irin waɗannan abubuwan, ta dawo da nasara a hannunta.
Lokacin da suke da shekaru 9, iyaye masu kulawa sun ba 'yar su rediyo. Ta fi son sauraron wasannin gargajiya da ke fitowa duk ranar Asabar godiya ga Metropolitan Opera. Jessie ya ji daɗin muryoyin Marian Anderson da Leontyn Price. A wata fitacciyar hira da za ta yi, za ta ce su ne suka zaburar da ita ta fara sana’ar waka.
Ilimi Jesse Norman
Ta ɗauki darussan murya daga Rosa Harris Sanders Crack. Bayan ɗan lokaci, Norman ya yi karatu a Interlochen School of Arts a ƙarƙashin shirin wasan opera. Jessie ta yi aiki tuƙuru kuma ta ci gaba. Malamin kamar yadda ya yi hasashen kyakkyawar makoma ta waka a gare ta.
A cikin ƙuruciyarta, ta zama ɗan takara a cikin babbar gasar Marian Anderson, wanda aka gudanar a Finland. Duk da cewa Jessie bai dauki wuri na farko ba - ta bayyana a lokacin da ya dace a wurin da ya dace.
Kasancewa a gasar kiɗa ya haifar da tayin cikakken tallafin karatu a Jami'ar Howard. Ta ci gaba da haɓaka ƙwarewar muryarta a ƙarƙashin Caroline Grant. A tsakiyar 60s na karni na karshe, yarinya mai basira ta zama wani ɓangare na Gamma Sigma Sigma.
Bayan shekara guda, tare da wasu ɗalibai da malamai mata huɗu, ta zama wanda ya kafa babin Delta Nu na ƙungiyar mawaƙa Sigma Alpha Iota. Bayan kammala karatu daga School of Arts, Jess shiga cikin Peabody Conservatory. Bayan haka, tana jiran makarantar kiɗa, wasan kwaikwayo da rawa a Jami'ar Michigan. A karshen 60s, ta sauke karatu tare da girmamawa daga cibiyar ilimi.
Hanyar kirkira ta Jessye Norman
A cikin 70s ta bayyana a kan mataki na La Scala. Wasan Jesse ya samu karbuwa daga masu sauraron wurin. Daga baya, ta za ta yi akai-akai yi a kan mataki na opera House a Milan.
Ƙarin ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo na jiran Norman da magoya bayanta. Jessie ta yi balaguro zuwa sassa daban-daban na duniya don faranta wa masu son kiɗa rai da muryarta mai ban mamaki.
Af, Jessie Norman koyaushe tana ɗaukar mutumin da muhimmanci. Kwantiragin wasan kwaikwayon nata ya ƙunshi maki 86, waɗanda aka kira su daga kowane irin haɗarin da ba a so tare da mai zane.
Misali, wuraren da ke gaban bita-da-kulli da kide-kide dole ne su kasance cikin kyakkyawan yanayi - tsaftacewa da wanke su. Mai wasan kwaikwayo zai iya rera waƙa kawai a cikin ɗaki na musamman, iska dole ne ya kasance mai tsabta da sabo. An cire amfani da na'urorin sanyaya iska a cikin dakin gwaji.
Kawai a cikin 80s na karshe karni, ta sake komawa mataki na opera gidaje. Bayan 'yan shekaru, Jessie ta fara fitowa a matakin wasan opera na Amurka. Af, kafin wannan, mai zane ya faranta wa 'yan uwanta rai kawai ta hanyar rera waƙa a wuraren wasan kwaikwayo.
A shekarar 1983, ta karshe shiga cikin mataki na Metropolitan Opera. A cikin dilogy na Berlioz Les Troyens, Placido Domingo da kansa ya yi waƙa tare da ita. Wasan wasan kwaikwayo ya kasance babban nasara. Kyakyawar liyafar da masu sauraro suka yi ne ya motsa opera diva.
Kafin shekarun XNUMX, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mawakan opera mafi girma a duniya. Tana da nata ɗanɗanon ɗanɗanon kiɗan nata da gabatarwa mai ban sha'awa na kayan.
A lokacin aikinsu na kirkire-kirkire, sun yi rikodin rikodin ruhohi da yawa, da kuma shahararrun ayyukan kiɗa a cikin Ingilishi da Faransanci.
Aikin mawaƙin opera a cikin "sifili"
A farkon 2001s, Jesse, tare da Kathleen Battle, sun yi Mythodea, kiɗa don aikin NASA: XNUMX Mars Odyssey. Shekara guda bayan haka, ta rubuta wani yanki na kishin ƙasa America the Beautiful.
Ta ci gaba da yin aiki tuƙuru, yin wasan kwaikwayo a kan mataki, rikodin abubuwan da ba su mutu ba. Daga nan sai ta bace daga kallon magoya baya.
Sai a shekarar 2012 mawaƙin opera ta yi shiru. Ta gabatar wa magoya bayanta wani kundi mai ban mamaki da gaske. An sadaukar da rikodin Jessie ga jazz na gargajiya, bishara, rai. Album ɗin Norman mai suna Tushen: Rayuwata, Waƙa ta.
Kundin ya kasance cikin waƙoƙin waƙoƙi kamar Kar Ku Zagaya da yawa, Yanayin Guguwa da Mack the Knife, bishara da gauraya jazz. Af, ra'ayin masu suka game da rikodin ya zama mai ma'ana. Amma, masoya na gaskiya, kyakkyawar liyafar ƙwararrun ba ta da damuwa.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da mawaƙin opera
- An shigar da mai wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Gidan Waƙoƙin Georgia na Fame.
- Norman ya sami digiri na girmamawa a cikin kiɗa daga Oxford.
- Mawaƙin opera yana da kewayon murya daga babban soprano zuwa contralto.
- Ta kasance mai son littattafan soyayya ta gaske.
Jesse Norman: cikakkun bayanai na rayuwarsa
Bata taba magana akan rayuwarta ba. Ba a yi auren mawakin a hukumance ba. Kaico, ba ta bar magada a baya ba. Norman ya ce abu mafi mahimmanci a gare ta shine hidima ga kiɗa.
Mutuwar Jessie Norman
A cikin 2015, ta sami rauni na kashin baya. Hakan ya biyo bayan dogon magani. Ta rasu ne a ranar 30 ga Satumba, 2019. Abin da ya yi sanadiyar mutuwarsa shi ne girgizawar jini da gazawar gabobi da yawa. An haifar da su ta hanyar rikitarwa na rauni na kashin baya.
Abin sha'awa, a cikin shekaru na ƙarshe na rayuwarta, kusan ba ta rera waƙa a kan gidan wasan opera. Jessie lokaci-lokaci tana faranta wa masu sha'awar aikinta farin ciki ta hanyar fitowa a wuraren raye-raye. Duk game da rauni ne.
A cikin shekaru na ƙarshe na rayuwarta, ta mai da hankali kan aikin zamantakewa mai aiki. Mawaƙin ya sadaukar da kansa gaba ɗaya ga matasa da ƙwararrun mawaƙa, mawaƙa, da masu fasaha. Ta sha shirya bukukuwan buki don girmama al'adun gargajiyar kasarta ta haihuwa.
Norman ya kasance memba na gidauniyoyi da dama na sadaka, kuma bai manta da ita ta Augusta ba - a can, a karkashin reshe, akwai kwalejin da Opera Association na birnin.
