Ba shi yiwuwa a yi la'akari da gudunmawar Leonid Utyosov ga al'adun Rasha da na duniya. Yawancin manyan masana ilimin al'adu daga ƙasashe daban-daban suna kiransa haziƙi kuma almara na gaske, wanda ya cancanta.
Sauran Soviet pop taurari na farkon da tsakiyar karni na XNUMX kawai fade a gaban sunan Utyosov. A lokaci guda kuma, ko da yaushe ya yi iƙirarin cewa bai ɗauki kansa a matsayin mawaƙi "babban" ba, tun da a ra'ayinsa, ba shi da murya ko kaɗan.
Sai dai ya ce wakokinsa suna fitowa ne daga zuciya. A cikin shekarun da aka yi farin jini, muryar mawakin ta yi ta kara daga kowane nau'in Gramophone, rediyo, ana fitar da bayanan a cikin miliyoyin kwafi, kuma yana da wuya a sayi tikitin zuwa wasan kwaikwayo kwanaki kaɗan kafin bikin.
Yarinta Leonid Utesov
Maris 21 (Maris 9 bisa ga tsohon kalanda), 1895 Lazar Iosifovich Vaisben aka haife shi, wanda aka sani a ko'ina cikin duniya a karkashin sunan Leonid Osipovich Utyosov.
Papa, Osip Weissbein, shi ne mai gabatar da tashar jiragen ruwa a Odessa, wanda aka bambanta da ladabi da tawali'u.
Inna, Malka Weisben (sunan budurwa Granik), tana da muguwar fushi da tauri. Hatta masu siyarwa a sanannen Odessa Privoz sun guje mata.
A lokacin rayuwarta, ta haifi jarirai tara, amma, abin takaici, biyar ne kawai suka tsira.
Halin Ledechka, kamar yadda danginsa suka kira shi, ya tafi wurin mahaifiyarsa. Tun lokacin yaro, zai iya kare ra'ayinsa na dogon lokaci, idan ya tabbata cewa ya kasance daidai.
Yaron bai ji tsoro ba. Yayinda yake yaro, ya yi mafarki cewa lokacin da ya girma zai zama ma'aikacin kashe gobara ko kyaftin na teku, amma abokantaka da maƙwabcin violin ya canza ra'ayinsa game da gaba - Leonid kadan ya zama abin sha'awar kiɗa.
A shekaru 8, Utyosov zama dalibi a makarantar kasuwanci G. Faig. Bayan shekaru 6 na karatu, an kore shi. Haka kuma, wannan shi ne karo na farko da aka kori dalibi a tsawon tarihin shekaru 25 na makarantar.
An kori Leonid don rashin ci gaba, rashin rashin zuwa akai-akai, rashin son yin karatu. Ba shi da dangantaka da kimiyya, Utyosov babban sha'awa shine raira waƙa da kida daban-daban.
Farkon hanyar aiki
Godiya ga iyawa da aka ba ta yanayi da kuma juriya, a 1911 Leonid Utyosov shiga Borodanov tafiya circus. Wannan lamari ne da masana ilimin al'adu da yawa ke la'akari da sauyi a rayuwar mai zane.
A cikin lokacin da ya samu daga wasan motsa jiki da wasan kwaikwayo, saurayin ya tsunduma cikin inganta fasaharsa wajen buga violin.
A 1912, an gayyace shi zuwa ƙungiyar Kremenchug Theatre of Miniatures. A cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya sadu da mashahurin mai zane-zane Skavronsky, wanda ya shawarci Lena ta dauki sunan mataki don kanta. Daga wannan lokacin, Lazar Weisben ya zama Leonid Utyosov.
Tawagar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kananan yara sun zagaya kusan dukkan garuruwan kasar uwa. An maraba da masu fasaha a Siberiya, Ukraine, Belarus, Jojiya, Gabas mai Nisa, Altai, a tsakiyar Rasha, yankin Volga. A 1917, Leonid Osipovich ya zama mai nasara na bikin ma'aurata, wanda ya faru a Belarusian Gomel.
Tashin aikin mai fasaha
A 1928, Utyosov tafi Paris da kuma a zahiri fada cikin soyayya da jazz music. Bayan shekara guda, ya gabatar wa jama'a sabon shirin jazz na wasan kwaikwayo.
A 1930, tare da mawaƙa, ya shirya wani sabon concerto, wanda ya hada da Orchestral fantasies m Isaak Dunayevsky. Labarun ban sha'awa da yawa suna da alaƙa da wasu ɗaruruwan hits na Leonid Osipovich.
Misali, wakar "Daga Odessa Kichman", wacce ta shahara sosai, an ji ta a wani liyafar da ta shafi ceto ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa daga jirgin ruwan Chelyuskin, duk da cewa kafin wannan lokacin hukumomi sun bukaci kada a yi ta a bainar jama'a.
Af, na farko da Soviet clip a 1939 aka yi fim tare da sa hannu na wannan sanannen artist. Da farkon Great Patriotic War Leonid Utyosov canza repertoire da kuma haifar da wani sabon shirin "Ku doke abokan gaba!". Tare da ita, shi da ƙungiyar mawaƙansa sun tafi layin gaba don kula da ruhun Rundunar Sojojin Red Army.
A 1942, sanannen singer aka bayar da lakabi na girmama Artist na RSFSR. Daga cikin waƙoƙin soja da kishin ƙasa waɗanda Utyosov ya yi a lokacin yaƙin, waɗannan sun shahara sosai: "Katyusha", "Soja Waltz", "Ku jira Ni", "Waƙar Waƙoƙin Waridiya".
A ranar 9 ga Mayu, 1945, Leonid ya shiga cikin wani kide-kide da aka keɓe don Ranar Nasara na Tarayyar Soviet a kan fasikanci. A shekarar 1965, Utyosov samu lakabi na People's Artist na Tarayyar Soviet.
Aikin fim da rayuwar sirri
Daga cikin fina-finan da Leonid Osipovich ya taka leda, yana da daraja a haskaka fina-finan: "Spirka Shpandyr's Career", "Merry Fellows", "Aliens", "Dunaevsky ta Melodies". A karo na farko da artist ya bayyana a cikin firam a cikin fim "Lieutenant Schmidt - 'yanci mayaƙin."
A hukumance Utyosov ya yi aure sau biyu. Matarsa ta farko shi ne matasa actress Elena Lenskaya, wanda ya sadu a daya daga cikin gidajen wasan kwaikwayo a Zaporozhye a 1914. An haifi 'ya mace mai suna Edith a cikin auren. Leonid da Elena sun rayu tare har tsawon shekaru 48.
A 1962, da singer ya zama gwauruwa. Duk da haka, kafin mutuwar Lena Utyosov, ya dade da dancer Antonina Revels, wanda ya aure a 1982. Abin takaici, a cikin wannan shekarar, 'yarsa ta mutu daga cutar sankarar bargo, kuma a ranar 9 ga Maris, shi da kansa ya mutu.
