Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov: Biography na mawaki

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov wani hali ne wanda ba za a iya tunanin kiɗan Rasha ba, musamman kiɗan duniya. Jagorar, mawaki da mawaƙa ya rubuta don dogon aikinsa na kere-kere:

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• wasan kwaikwayo 15;
• 3 wasan kwaikwayo;
• 80 soyayya.

Bugu da ƙari, maestro yana da adadi mai yawa na ayyukan symphonic. Abin sha'awa, tun yana yaro, Nikolai ya yi mafarkin yin aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa. Yana son labarin kasa kuma ba zai iya tunanin rayuwarsa ba tare da tafiya ba. Lokacin da mafarkinsa ya cika, kuma ya yi tafiya a duniya, ya keta shirinsa. Maestro ya so ya koma ƙasa da wuri-wuri kuma ya ba da kansa ga kiɗa.

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov: Yara da matasa

An haifi maestro ne a karamar lardin Tikhvin. Iyalin suna rayuwa da wadata, don haka babban iyali ba sa bukatar komai.

Iyaye sun tayar da yara biyu masu ban mamaki - Warrior da Nikolai. Babban ɗan ya yanke shawarar bin sawun kakansa. Ya kai matsayin sojan ruwa rear admiral. Abin lura ne cewa Warrior ya girmi Nikolai shekaru 22. Ɗan'uwan ya kasance mai iko ga maestro. Ya kasance yana sauraron ra'ayinsa.

An shirya Nikolai don gaskiyar cewa zai yi aiki a cikin sojojin ruwa. Shugaban iyali ya kware sosai a wasan da kayan kida da yawa lokaci guda. Ya ba da gudummawar cewa duka ’ya’yan biyu sun nuna ƙauna ga kiɗa. Musamman ma, ƙaramin Kolya ya rera waƙa a cikin mawakan coci. Kuma tuni yana da shekaru 9 ya rubuta waƙa ta farko.

Lokacin da yake matashi, Nikolai ya shiga Rundunar Naval Cadet Corps. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ba kawai ya zama sha'awar labarin kasa ba, har ma a cikin fasaha. A babban birnin arewa, ya ziyarci gidajen wasan opera kuma ya shiga da'irar al'ada. A cikin Moscow ne ya fara fara sanin abubuwan da aka tsara na shahararrun maestro na waje da na Rasha.

Anan ya ɗauki darussan cello daga malamin Ulich, sannan ya yi karatu tare da ɗan wasan pian Fyodor Kanille. A 1862, Rimsky-Korsakov ya sauke karatu tare da girmamawa daga sojojin ruwa. Murna ya maye gurbin bakin ciki. Nikolai ya sami labarin cewa shugaban iyali ya rasu. Bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa, iyalin suka koma rayuwa a babban birnin kasar Rasha.

Hanyar m na mawaki

A 1861, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov ya yi sa'a don saduwa da Mily Balakirev (wanda ya kafa makarantar Mighty Handful). Masanin ya girma ba kawai a cikin abota mai karfi ba, amma kuma ya rinjayi samuwar Rimsky-Korsakov a matsayin mawaki.

A ƙarƙashin rinjayar Milius, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov ya rubuta Symphony No. 1, op. 1. Maestro ya kasa yanke shawarar gabatar da aikin, amma bayan wasu bita-da-kulli, sai ya gabatar da abin da aka tsara a cikin da'irar kungiyar Mighty Handful. Lokacin da iyali suka koma St. Petersburg, Nikolai ya shiga cikin kerawa.

A wannan lokacin, mawaki ya cika da dabarar tatsuniyoyi. Sabon ilimi ya sa maestro ya ƙirƙiri abun da ke waƙa da kiɗan "Sadko". Rimsky-Korsakov ya buɗe wa jama'a da abokan aikinsa irin wannan ra'ayi kamar "tsari". Bugu da ƙari, ya ƙirƙira wani yanayi mai ma'ana, godiya ga abin da kiɗa ya sami wani mabanbanta, sautin da ba a taɓa ji ba a baya.

gwaninta na asali

Ya ci gaba da gwada tsarin damuwa, kuma hakan ya ba shi jin daɗi na gaske. Gaskiyar ita ce, ta yanayi an ba shi abin da ake kira "ji mai launi", wanda ya ba shi damar yin binciken kansa a cikin sautin kiɗa na gargajiya. Don haka, ya fahimci tonality na C manyan a matsayin inuwa mai haske, kuma D babba kamar rawaya. Maestro ya haɗa E manyan tare da ɓangaren teku.

Ba da da ewa wani m suite "Antar" ya bayyana a cikin music duniya. Daga nan sai ya fara aikin rubuta opera ta farko. A cikin 1872, magoya bayan aikin Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov sun ji daɗin kyawawan kiɗa na opera The Maid of Pskov.

Maestro ba shi da ilimin kiɗa, amma a farkon shekarun 1870 ya zama farfesa a Conservatory na St. Petersburg. Ya shafe fiye da shekaru 30 a cikin ganuwar cibiyar ilimi.

Ya ƙaunaci aikinsa kuma ya inganta fasaharsa a lokaci guda. A lokacin koyarwa a ɗakin ajiyar kayan tarihi, Nikolai ya rubuta nau'ikan sauti da yawa, kuma ya ƙirƙiri kide-kide don tarin kayan aiki. A 1874 ya gwada ƙarfinsa a matsayin jagora. Bayan shekaru 6, ya riga ya yi tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa a babban birnin Tarayyar Rasha.

Rimsky-Korsakov ya yi aiki ba tare da gajiyawa ba a cikin 1980s. A cikin wannan lokacin, ya sake cika bankin piggy na kiɗa da ayyuka da yawa marasa mutuwa. Muna magana ne game da suites "Scheherazade", "Spanish Capriccio" da kuma overture "Bright Holiday".

Rushewar ayyukan ƙirƙira na maestro

Shekarun 1890 sun sami raguwar ayyukan shahararren mawaki. A cikin wannan lokaci, ayyukan falsafa na maestro sun fito. Bugu da ƙari, ya yi canje-canje ga adadin tsofaffin ƙididdiga. Aikin ya ɗauki sauti daban-daban.

Hoton gabaɗaya ya canza a tsakiyar 1890s. A wannan lokacin, Rimsky-Korsakov ya rubuta game da rubuta da dama m ayyuka tare da sabunta ƙarfi. Ba da daɗewa ba ya gabatar da wasan opera mafi shahara a cikin waƙarsa, Bride Tsar.

Bayan gabatar da yawan wasan kwaikwayo na operas, Nikolai ya zama sananne. Hoton ya canza kadan a cikin 1905. Gaskiyar ita ce, an kori Rimsky-Korsakov daga makarantar ilimi kuma an haɗa shi a cikin abin da ake kira "black list". A lokacin da aka fara yunkurin juyin juya hali, mawakin ya goyi bayan daliban da suka yajin aiki, lamarin da ya jawo fushin mahukunta.

Details na sirri rayuwa na mawaki Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov

Rimsky-Korsakov ya yi mafarkin dangi mai ƙarfi da abokantaka duk rayuwarsa ta girma. A daya daga cikin m maraice, ya sadu da m pianist Nadezhda Nikolaevna Purgold. A karkashin sunan taimaka rubuta daya daga cikin operas, ya juya ga wata mace don taimako.

A lokacin dogon aiki a kan ƙirƙirar wasan opera, ji ya tashi tsakanin matasa. Nan da nan suka yanke shawarar yin aure. An haifi 'ya'ya bakwai a gidan. Musamman ma, da yawa daga cikinsu sun mutu tun suna ƙanana. 'Yar ƙaramar, Sofia, ta bi sawun mahaifinta. Tun lokacin ƙuruciya, ta kasance mutum mai kirkira. An sani cewa Sofia Rimskaya-Korsakova ya zama sananne a matsayin opera singer.

Matar Maestro ta rayu fiye da mijinta da shekaru 11. Matar ta mutu ne daga cutar sankarau. Bayan juyin juya halin, Korsakov iyali aka kori daga gidansu. A da can akwai bakin haure. Kuma kawai a farkon shekarun 1870 na karni na karshe, hukumomi sun kirkiro gidan kayan gargajiya don girmama mawaki.

Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da mawaki

1. Yayinda yake ɗan shekara uku, Nikolai ya riga ya buga bayanin kula ta hanyar buga ganga.
2. Da zarar ya yi jayayya da marubuci Leo Tolstoy. A sakamakon haka, Tolstoy ya soki halittar maestro, yana mai cewa kowace waƙa tana da illa kuma ba ta da ma'ana.
3. Yana son karatu. A kan shiryayyensa akwai ɗakin karatu mai ban sha'awa na gargajiya na Rasha.
4. Bayan mutuwar maestro, an buga tarihinsa, inda ya yi magana game da ayyukan da ya yi.
5. Mawakin Rasha mai suna "Amaryar Tsar" ta shiga cikin jerin operas 100 da suka fi shahara a duniya.

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov: Shekaru na ƙarshe na rayuwarsa

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Maestro ya mutu a ranar 8 ga Yuni, 1908. Dalilin mutuwar shi ne ciwon zuciya. Bayan da mawakin ya gano cewa an hana yin wasan opera The Golden Cockerel, sai kwatsam ya kamu da rashin lafiya. Da farko, an binne gawar a St. Petersburg. Daga baya, an sake binne gawarwakin a cikin "Masters of Arts Necropolis" na Alexander Nevsky Lavra.