Shahararren mawaki, mawaki kuma madugu Sergei Prokofiev ya ba da babbar gudummawa ga ci gaban kiɗan gargajiya. Abubuwan da aka tsara na maestro sun haɗa cikin jerin fitattun kayan aikin duniya. An lura da aikinsa a matakin mafi girma. A cikin shekaru na aiki m aiki Prokofiev aka bayar da shida Stalin Prizes.
Yara da matasa na mawaki Sergei Prokofiev
An haifi maestro a wani karamin kauye na Krasne, a yankin Donetsk. Sergei Sergeevich ya girma a cikin iyali na farko mai hankali. Shugaban iyali masanin kimiyya ne. Mahaifina ya kasance mai himma a harkar noma. Inna ta dukufa wajen renon yara. Ta yi karatu da kyau, ta san bayanin kida kuma tana magana da harsunan waje da yawa. Ita ce ta motsa ƙaramin Seryozha don yin kiɗa.
Sergei ya zauna a piano yana da shekaru 5. Cikin sauki ya kware wasan da wannan kayan kida. Amma mafi mahimmanci, ya fara rubuta ƙananan wasan kwaikwayo. Mahaifiyar, wadda ba ta da rai a cikin danta, ta rubuta wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wani littafi na musamman. A cikin shekaru 10, Prokofiev ya rubuta wasan kwaikwayo dozin, har ma da wasan kwaikwayo da yawa.
Iyaye sun fahimci cewa ɗan hazaka yana girma a gidansu. Sun haɓaka basirar kiɗan yaron kuma nan da nan suka ɗauki ƙwararren malami, Reinhold Gliere. Lokacin da yake matashi, ya bar gidan mahaifinsa kuma ya koma St. Petersburg. A cikin babban birnin al'adu na Rasha, Seryozha ya shiga cikin babban ɗakin ajiya mai daraja. Ya sauke karatu daga makarantar ilimi a wurare uku lokaci guda.
Bayan juyin juya halin, Sergei Sergeevich gane cewa shi ba ya zama ma'ana zauna a cikin ƙasa na Rasha. Prokofiev yanke shawarar barin kasar da kuma matsawa da zama a Japan, kuma daga can ya yi hijira zuwa Amurka.
Prokofiev ya tsunduma cikin ayyukan kide-kide a matsayin dalibi a St. Petersburg Conservatory. Bayan ya koma Amurka, ya ci gaba da bunkasa a matsayin mawaki da makada. An gudanar da jawabansa ba tare da bata lokaci ba.
A tsakiyar 1930s na karshe karni, maestro yanke shawarar komawa cikin Tarayyar Soviet. Tun daga wannan lokacin, a karshe ya zauna a Moscow. A dabi'a, mawaƙin bai manta da yawon shakatawa a ƙasashen waje ba, amma ya zaɓi Rasha don zama na dindindin.
A m aiki na mawaki Sergei Prokofiev
Prokofiev ya kafa kansa a matsayin mai kirkiro na harshen kiɗa. Ba kowa da kowa ya gane abubuwan da Sergei Sergeevich. Misali mai ban mamaki shine gabatar da abun da ke ciki "Scythian Suite". Lokacin da aikin ya yi sauti, masu sauraro (mafi yawan) suka tashi suka bar zauren. "Scythian Suite", kamar wani sinadari, ya bazu zuwa kowane kusurwoyi na zauren. Ga masu sha'awar kiɗa na wancan lokacin, wannan al'amari wani sabon abu ne.
Ya sami irin wannan sakamakon godiya ga haɗakar polyphony mai rikitarwa. Kalmomin da ke sama suna isar da wasan operas daidai gwargwado "Soyayyar Lemu Uku" da "Fiery Angel". A cikin 1930s na karni na karshe, Prokofiev ba shi da daidai.
A tsawon lokaci, Prokofiev ya zana ra'ayi daidai. Shirye-shiryensa sun sami sautin kida mai natsuwa da zafi. Ya kara soyayya da wakoki zuwa na zamani na gargajiya. Irin wannan gwaji na kiɗa ya ba Prokofiev damar ƙirƙirar ayyukan da aka haɗa a cikin jerin litattafan duniya. Wasan operas Romeo da Juliet da Betrothal a cikin gidan sufi sun cancanci kulawa sosai.
A cikin biography na Prokofiev, ba za a iya ambaton da m song "Bitrus da Wolf", wanda Maestro ya rubuta musamman ga yara wasan kwaikwayo. Wasan waka na "Bitrus da Wolf", da kuma "Cinderella" sune katunan kiran mawaƙa. Abubuwan da aka gabatar ana daukar su a matsayin koli na aikinsa.
Prokofiev halitta m raka ga fina-finan "Alexander Nevsky" da kuma "Ivan the Terrible". Don haka, yana so ya tabbatar wa kansa cewa zai iya ƙirƙira a wasu nau'ikan.
Creativity Prokofiev kuma yana da mahimmanci ga jama'ar kasashen waje. Masoyan kiɗa sun ce Sergei Sergeevich ya sami damar buɗe labulen ainihin ruhin Rasha. Mawaki Sting da mashahurin darakta Woody Allen sun yi amfani da waƙar maestro.
Cikakkun bayanai na rayuwar sirri
A lokacin yawon shakatawa na kasashen Turai, Prokofiev ya sadu da kyakkyawar Mutanen Espanya Carolina Codina. A lokacin da aka sani, ya zama cewa Carolina ita ce 'yar 'yan gudun hijirar Rasha.
Sergei yana son Codina a farkon gani, kuma ya ba da shawara ga yarinyar. Masoyan sun yi aure, kuma matar ta haifi 'ya'ya maza biyu - Oleg da Svyatoslav. Lokacin da Prokofiev ya sanar da niyyar komawa Rasha, matarsa ta goyi bayansa kuma ta koma tare da shi.
Lokacin da Babban Patriotic War ya fara a kasar, maestro ya aika da danginsa zuwa Spain, kuma ya ci gaba da zama a babban birnin kasar Rasha. Wannan ita ce ganawa ta ƙarshe tsakanin Karolina da Sergey. Basu sake ganin juna ba. Gaskiyar ita ce, Prokofiev ya ƙaunaci Maria Cecilia Mendelssohn. Abin sha'awa, yarinyar ta dace da mawaki a matsayin yarinya kuma tana da shekaru 24 da haihuwa.
Maestro ya sanar da cewa ya yi niyyar ya sake matarsa ta hukuma, amma Carolina ta ki Sergey. Gaskiyar ita ce, auren da aka yi da wani sanannen mutum a gare ta ya kasance hanyar rayuwa da ta kare mace daga kamawa.
A cikin marigayi 1940s, da aure Prokofiev da Karolina aka bayyana rashin inganci da hukumomi. Sergei Sergeevich ya auri Mendelssohn. Amma Carolina tana jiran kama. An aika matar zuwa tsibirin Mordovia. Bayan ta gyara zaman jama'a, ta yi gaggawar komawa Landan.
Prokofiev yana da wani babban abin sha'awa. Mutumin yana son wasan dara. Kuma ya yi hakan ne da fasaha. Bugu da ƙari, mawaƙin ya karanta da yawa kuma ya ƙaunaci wallafe-wallafen sanannun litattafai.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da mawaki Sergei Prokofiev
- Yayinda yake yaro, mahaifiyar Prokofiev ta gabatar da danta ga abubuwan Beethoven da Chopin.
- Daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan Prokofiev shine opera "Yaki da Aminci".
- Sergey Sergeevich yana da dangantaka mai wuya tare da hukumomi. A cikin 1940s, wasu daga cikin waƙoƙin kiɗa na mawaƙa sun kasance baƙar fata saboda ba su dace da akidun zamanin Soviet ba.
- Prokofiev aka kira "Mozart na XNUMXth karni".
- Wasan farko na maestro a Paris bai yi nasara ba. Masu suka sun "fasa" ayyukansa, suna kiransa "ƙarfe trance".
- Wani lamari mai ban sha'awa ya danganta da mutuwar maestro. Gaskiyar ita ce, ya rasu a rana guda da Stalin. Ga masu sha'awar, mutuwar mawaƙin ya kasance a zahiri ba tare da wata alama ba, tun da an jawo hankali ga sanannen "shugaba".
Shekarun ƙarshe na rayuwar mawakin
A ƙarshen 1940s na ƙarni na ƙarshe, lafiyar Prokofiev ta tabarbare. A zahiri bai bar gidan kasarsa ba. Ya ci gaba da yin kida, ko da ba ya jin dadi. Maestro ya yi hunturu a cikin gidansa na jama'a. Fitaccen mawakin ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Maris, 1953. Ya tsira daga wani rikicin hawan jini. An kwantar da gawarsa a makabartar Novodevichy.
