Kodayake Kinks ba su da ƙarfin hali kamar Beatles ko kuma shahararru kamar Rolling Stones ko Wanene, sun kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da suka fi tasiri na mamayewar Burtaniya.
Kamar yawancin makada na zamaninsu, Kinks sun fara zama ƙungiyar R&B da blues. A cikin shekaru hudu, ƙungiyar ta zama ƙungiyar Ingilishi mafi jurewa a cikin duk waɗanda suka yi zamani.
История Tya Ravens
A cikin tsawon aikinsu na tsayi da bambanta, manyan abubuwan Kinks sun kasance Ray (an haife shi 21 Yuni 1944) da Dave Davies (an haife shi 3 Fabrairu 1947), waɗanda aka haife su kuma suka girma a Muswell Hill, London. Sa’ad da suke samari, ’yan’uwan suka soma wasan ƙwanƙwasa da rock da nadi.
Ba da daɗewa ba suka ɗauki abokin karatun Ray Peter Quaif ya yi wasa da su. Kamar 'yan'uwan Davis, Quaif ya buga guitar amma daga baya ya canza zuwa bass.
A lokacin rani na 1963, ƙungiyar ta yanke shawarar kiran kansu The Ravens kuma suka ɗauki sabon mai ganga, Mickey Willet.
Daga ƙarshe, tef ɗin demo ɗin su ya ƙare a hannun Shel Talmi, ɗan Amurka mai yin rikodin rikodin wanda ke da kwangila tare da Pye Records. Talmy ya taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta sami kwangila tare da Pye a cikin 1964.
Kafin sanya hannu kan lakabin, Ravens ya maye gurbin Willet tare da mai yin bugu Mick Ivory.
Aiki na farko kinks
Ravens sun yi rikodin farkonsu na farko, murfin Little Richard's "Long Tall Sally" a cikin Janairu 1964.
Kafin a saki waƙar, ƙungiyar ta canza suna zuwa Kinks.
An saki "Long Tall Sally" a watan Fabrairun 1964 kuma ya kasa yin jadawali, kamar yadda suka yi na biyu "Kuna Son Ni".
Kashi na uku na rukunin "You Really Got Me" ya kasance mafi nasara da kuzari, ya kai Top 1964. "Duk Rana da Duk Dare", ƙungiyar ta huɗu ta fito a ƙarshen XNUMX kuma ta tashi zuwa lamba biyu kuma ta kai lamba bakwai a Amurka.
A wannan lokacin, ƙungiyar ta kuma fitar da kundi guda biyu masu tsayi da EP da yawa.
Haramcin ayyukan Amurka
Ba wai kawai ƙungiyar ta yi rikodin a cikin hanzari ba, suna kuma zagayawa akai-akai, wanda ya haifar da tashin hankali a cikin ƙungiyar.
A karshen rangadin da suka yi a Amurka a shekarar 1965 a lokacin rani, gwamnatin Amurka ta hana kungiyar komawa Amurka ba tare da sanin wasu dalilai ba.
Shekaru hudu, Kinks ba zai iya shiga Amurka ba. Wannan yana nufin ba wai kawai an hana ƙungiyar damar shiga babbar kasuwar kiɗa ta duniya ba, har ma an yanke ta daga wasu canje-canjen zamantakewa da kiɗa na ƙarshen 60s.
Sakamakon haka, rubutun waƙar Ray Davies ya zama mai ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa, yana dogaro da takamaiman tasirin kiɗan Ingilishi kamar ɗakin kiɗa, ƙasa da jama'ar Ingilishi fiye da sauran mutanen zamaninsa na Biritaniya. Album na gaba daga The Kinks,
"Kink Kontroversy" ya nuna ci gaban rubutun Davis.
«La'asar Rana" и "Waterloo Sunset"
Waƙar "Sunny Afternoon" ɗaya ce daga cikin wasan kwaikwayo mafi ban dariya na Davis, kuma waƙar ta zama mafi girma a lokacin rani na 1966 a Birtaniya, ta kai lamba daya.
"Sunny Afternoon" ya kasance teaser don babban tsallen band, Fuska da Fuska, wanda ya ƙunshi salo iri-iri.
A cikin Mayu 1967 sun koma mataki tare da "Waterloo Sunset", ballad wanda ya buga No. 1967 a Burtaniya a cikin bazara na XNUMX.
raguwa a cikin shahararrun
An sake shi a cikin kaka na 1967, Wani abu kuma ta Kinks ya nuna ci gaban ƙungiyar tun Fuska da Fuska.
Duk da haɓakar kiɗan da suke yi, ginshiƙi na ƴan aurensu ya ragu sosai.
Bayan rashin fitowar "Wani Wani abu ta Kinks", ƙungiyar ta fitar da sabon guda, "Autumn Almanac", wanda ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan hits a Burtaniya.
An sake shi a cikin bazara na 1968, "Wonderboy" ita ce ƙungiya ta farko da ba ta buga saman goma ba tun "Gaskiya Ka Samu".
Ko ta yaya mawakan suka gyara lamarin tare da fitar da “Kwanaki”, amma faɗuwar kasuwancin ƙungiyar ya fito fili saboda rashin nasarar albam ɗin su na gaba.
An sake shi a cikin kaka na 1968, The Village Green Preservation Society shine ƙarshen ra'ayoyin Ray Davies. Kodayake kundin bai yi nasara ba, masu suka sun karɓe shi sosai, musamman a Amurka.
Tashi daga Peter Kвaife
Ba da daɗewa ba Peter Kweife ya gaji da gazawar ƙungiyar kuma ya bar ƙungiyar a ƙarshen shekara. An maye gurbinsa da John Dalton.
A farkon 1969, an ɗage takunkumin Amurka akan Kinks, wanda ya bar ƙungiyar don rangadin Amurka a karon farko cikin shekaru huɗu.
Kafin fara yawon shakatawa, Kinks sun fitar da kundi mai suna "Arthur (Ko Ragewa da Faɗuwar Daular Burtaniya)". Kamar magabatansa guda biyu, kundin ya ƙunshi jigogi na waƙoƙi da kiɗa na Biritaniya.
Yayin da mawakan ke aiki a kan wani mabiyi na kundin, sun yanke shawarar faɗaɗa layin su don haɗa da mawallafin keyboard John Gosling.
Farkon bayyanar Gosling akan rikodin Kinks yana kan waƙar "Lola". Tare da tushen dutse mai ƙarfi fiye da ƴan ƙalilan na ƙarshe, "Lola" ya buga saman goma a cikin Burtaniya da Amurka, wanda aka saki a cikin faɗuwar 1970.
"Lola Versus the Powerman and Moneygoround, Pt. 1" shine mafi girman nasarar rikodin su tun tsakiyar 60s a Amurka da Burtaniya.
Kwangila tare da RCA
Kwangilar su tare da Pye / Reprise ta ƙare a farkon 1971, yana barin Kinks tare da damar da za su sami sabon yarjejeniyar rikodin.
A ƙarshen 1971, Kinks sun kulla yarjejeniya ta album biyar tare da RCA Records, suna samun ci gaba na dala miliyan.
An sake shi a ƙarshen 1971, Muswell Hillbillies, kundin kundin RCA na farko na ƙungiyar, ya nuna alamar komawa ga sha'awar sautin Kinks na ƙarshen 60s, kawai tare da ƙarin tasirin ƙasa da zauren kiɗa.
Kundin ba shine mafi kyawun siyar da kasuwanci wanda RCA ya yi fata ba.
Bayan 'yan watanni bayan fitowar "Muswell Hillbillies", Reprise ya fitar da tarin album biyu mai suna "The Kink Kronikles", wanda ya zarce kundi na farko na RCA.
Kowa na cikin Showbiz (1973), saitin LP guda biyu wanda ya ƙunshi kundi guda na waƙoƙin studio da kuma wani wasan kwaikwayo na raye-raye, ya kasance abin takaici a Burtaniya, kodayake kundin ya fi nasara a Amurka.
Yi aiki akan wasan operas rock
A cikin 1973, Ray Davis ya rubuta wasan opera mai tsayi mai tsayi mai suna Preservation.
Lokacin da sashin farko na wasan opera ya bayyana a ƙarshe a ƙarshen 1973, an yi suka sosai kuma ya sami liyafar sanyi daga jama'a.
Dokar 2 ta bayyana a lokacin rani na 1974. Mabiyan ya sami magani mafi muni fiye da wanda ya gabace shi.
Davis ya fara wani mawaƙa, Starmaker, don BBC. A ƙarshe aikin ya juya ya zama wasan kwaikwayo na sabulu, wanda aka saki a cikin bazara na 1975.
Duk da rashin kyautuwar sake dubawa, wasan opera na sabulu ya fi samun nasara a kasuwanci fiye da wanda ya gabace ta.
A cikin 1976, Kinks sun yi rikodin wasan opera na uku na Davis, Schoolboys in Disgrace, wanda ya yi ƙarfi fiye da kowane kundin RCA ɗin su.
Yin aiki tare da Arista Records
A cikin 1976, Kinks sun bar RCA kuma suka sanya hannu tare da Arista Records. A Arista Records sun mayar da kansu zuwa wani dutse mai wuyar gaske.
Bassist John Dalton ya bar ƙungiyar a kusa da ƙarshen kundi na farko akan Arista. An maye gurbinsa da Andy Pyle.
Sleepwalker, kundin Kinks na farko na Arista, ya zama babban abin burgewa a Amurka.
Lokacin da ƙungiyar ta gama yin rikodin wannan aikin, Pyle ya bar ƙungiyar kuma Dalton mai dawowa ya maye gurbinsa.
Misfits, kundi na biyu na ƙungiyar akan Arista, shima yayi nasara a Amurka. Bayan yawon shakatawa na Burtaniya, Dalton ya sake barin ƙungiyar, tare da mawallafin keyboard John Gosling.
Bassist Jim Rodford da mawallafin maɓalli Gordon Edwards sun cika waɗannan guraben.
Ba da daɗewa ba ƙungiyar ta fara wasa a kan manyan matakai a Amurka. Ko da yake masu roka irin su Jam da The Pretenders sun rufe Kinks a ƙarshen 70s, ƙungiyar ta ƙara samun nasara ta kasuwanci.
Nasarar ta ƙare a cikin kundin dutse mai nauyi Low Budget (1979), wanda ya zama mafi nasara a Amurka, yana hawa lamba 11 akan jadawalin.
Kundin su na gaba, Ba Mutane Abin da Suke So, an sake shi a ƙarshen 1981. Aikin ya kai kololuwa a lamba 15 kuma ya zama rikodin zinare na kungiyar.
Domin mafi yawan 1982, ƙungiyar ta zagaya.
A cikin bazara na 1983, "Come Dancing" ya zama babbar ƙungiyar Amurkawa tun lokacin "Gajiya da jiran ku" godiya ga bidiyon da ake nunawa akai-akai akan MTV.
A Amurka wakar ta kai kololuwa a lamba shida, a Burtaniya kuma ta haura zuwa lamba 12. "State of Confusion" ya biyo baya tare da "Come Dancing" kuma wani babban nasara ne.
Har zuwa karshen 1983, Ray Davis ya yi aiki a kan shirin fim na Waterloo Return, wannan aikin ya haifar da tashin hankali tsakaninsa da ɗan'uwansa.
Maimakon watsewa, Kinks kawai sun canza layinsu, amma dole ne su yi babban sadaukarwa: Mick Ivory, dan wasan kade wanda ya yi wasa tare da su tsawon shekaru 20, an kori shi kuma Bob Henrit ya maye gurbinsa.
Lokacin da Ray ya ƙare bayan samarwa akan Komawa zuwa Waterloo, ya rubuta kundin Kinks na gaba, Word of Mouth, wanda aka saki a ƙarshen 1984.
Kundin ya yi kama da sauti zuwa da yawa daga cikin bayanan Kinks na ƙarshe, amma aikin ya kasance cizon yatsa na kasuwanci.
Saboda haka, lokacin raguwa ya fara ga ƙungiyar. A nan gaba, ba za su sake saki wani Top 40 rikodin.
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
Maganar Baki ita ce kundi na ƙarshe da suka yi wa Arista. A farkon 1986, ƙungiyar ta sanya hannu tare da MCA Records a Amurka.
Ka yi tunanin Kayayyakin gani, kundi na farko don sabon lakabin, an fito da shi a ƙarshen 1986. Ya kasance nasara mai sauƙi da sauri, amma ba a sami 'yan wasa ba a rikodin.
A shekara mai zuwa, The Kinks ya sake fitar da wani kundi mai rai mai suna "The Road", wanda, ko da yake ba na dogon lokaci ba, amma ya buga sigogi.
Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Kinks sun fitar da kundi na karshe na studio na MCA, UK Jive. A cikin 1989 mawallafin maɓalli Ian Gibbons ya bar ƙungiyar.
An shigar da Kinks a cikin Rock and Roll Hall of Fame a cikin 1990, amma wannan bai yi kadan ba don farfado da aikinsu.
A cikin 1991, zaɓi na rikodin su na MCA, "Lost & Found" (1986-1989), ya bayyana, yana nuna alamar ƙarewar kwangilar su tare da lakabin.
A wannan shekarar, ƙungiyar ta rattaba hannu tare da Columbia Records kuma ta fitar da EP mai suna "Yi Ya" wanda ya kasa yin zane.
Kundin su na farko mai cikakken tsayi na Columbia, Phobia, an sake shi a cikin 1993 zuwa kyakkyawan bita amma tallace-tallace mara kyau. A wannan lokacin, kawai Ray da Dave Davis sun kasance a cikin rukuni daga asali na asali.
A cikin 1994, ƙungiyar ta tafi kuma ƙungiyar ta bar Columbia.
Duk da rashin samun nasara a kasuwanci, tallata kungiyar ta fara karuwa a shekarar 1995, saboda an sanya mawakan suna rukuni mafi tasiri.
Na gode Blur da Oasis.
Ba da da ewa ba Ray Davis ya sake bayyana a cikin shahararrun shirye-shiryen talabijin na inganta aikin tarihin rayuwarsa na X-Ray.
Jita-jita na haduwar rukuni ya fara bayyana a farkon shekarun 2000, amma da sauri ya ragu bayan Dave Davis ya sha fama da bugun jini a watan Yunin 2004.
Daga baya Dave ya murmure sosai, inda ya sake haifar da jita-jita, amma hakan bai zama gaskiya ba.
Peter Quaif, babban bassist na ƙungiyar, ya mutu sakamakon gazawar koda a ranar 23 ga Yuni, 2010.
