Shahararren BB King, wanda babu shakka ana yaba shi a matsayin sarkin blues, shine mafi mahimmancin mawaƙin lantarki na rabin na biyu na karni na XNUMX. Salon wasansa na staccato wanda ba a saba gani ba ya yi tasiri ga ɗaruruwan 'yan wasan blues na zamani.
A lokaci guda kuma, muryarsa mai ƙarfi da ƙarfin hali, mai iya bayyana duk motsin rai daga kowace waƙa, ya ba da wasa mai dacewa don wasansa mai ban sha'awa.
Tsakanin 1951 da 1985 King ya yi jadawali akan taswirar Billboard R&B sau 74. Shi ne kuma ɗan wasa na farko da ya yi rikodin fitacciyar fitacciyar duniya The Thrill Is Gone (1970).
Mawaƙin ya haɗa kai da Eric Clapton da ƙungiyar U2, kuma ya haɓaka aikinsa da kansa. Hakazalika, ya sami damar kiyaye salon da ake iya gane shi a duk tsawon aikinsa.
Yarinta da kuruciyar mawakin BB King
An haifi Riley B. King a ranar 16 ga Satumba, 1925 a yankin Mississippi Delta, kusa da garin Itta Bena. Tun yana yaro ya yi ta gudu tsakanin gidan mahaifiyarsa da gidan kakarsa. Mahaifin yaron ya bar gidan tun lokacin da Sarki yana karami.
Matashin mawaƙin ya ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo a coci kuma ya rera waƙar yabon Ubangiji da gaske, sannan a shekara ta 1943 Sarki ya ƙaura zuwa Indiaola, wani birni da ke tsakiyar yankin Mississippi Delta.
Kiɗan ƙasa da bishara sun bar ra'ayi mara gogewa akan tunanin kiɗan Sarki. Ya girma yana sauraron kiɗan masu fasaha na blues (T-Bone Walker da Lonnie Johnson) da jazz geniuses (Charlie Christian da Django Reinhardt).
A cikin 1946, ya yi tafiya zuwa Memphis don bin diddigin dan uwansa (mai kidan kasar) Bukka White. Tsawon watanni goma marasa tsada, White ya koya wa ɗan'uwansa matashin da ba ya haƙura da mafi kyawun abubuwan wasan guitar blues.
Bayan ya koma Indiaola, Sarki ya sake tafiya Memphis a ƙarshen 1948. Wannan karon ya dade na wani lokaci.
Farkon aikin mawaki Riley B. King
Ba da daɗewa ba King ya fara watsa waƙarsa kai tsaye ta gidan rediyon Memphis WDIA. Tasha ce da ta canza kwanan nan zuwa sabon tsarin "baƙar fata".
Masu kulab din yankin sun gwammace cewa mawakan su ma ba sa buga kide-kide na rediyo domin su samu wasanninsu na dare a iska.
Lokacin da DJ Maurice Hot Rod Hulbert ya sauka a matsayin jagoran juyawa, King ya karbi ragamar rikodi.
Da farko dai ana kiran mawakin The Peptikon Boy (kamfanin barasa da ya fafata da Hadacol). Lokacin da gidan rediyon WDIA ya watsa shi, wanda ake yi wa lakabi da King ya zama The Beale Street Blues Boy, daga baya ya rage zuwa Blues Boy. Kuma bayan wannan sunan BB King ya bayyana.
King yana da babbar "nasara" kawai a cikin 1949. Ya yi rikodin waƙoƙinsa huɗu na farko don Jim Bullitt's Bullet Records (ciki har da waƙar Miss Martha King don girmama matarsa) sannan ya sanya hannu tare da Rikodin RPM na tushen Los Angeles na 'yan uwan Bihari.
B.B. King's "nasara" a cikin duniyar kiɗa
’Yan’uwan Bihari sun kuma ba da gudummawa wajen naɗa wasu abubuwan da Sarki ya yi a farkon aikin ta wajen kafa na’urorin da ake ɗauka a duk inda suke.
Waƙar farko don buga jerin manyan R&B na ƙasa shine Blues O'Clock Blues (wanda Lowell Fulson ya rubuta a baya) (1951).
An yi rikodin waƙar a Memphis a YMCA Studios. Fitattun mutane sun yi aiki tare da Sarki a wancan lokacin - mawaƙin Bobby Bland, ɗan wasan bugu Earl Forest da ɗan wasan pian na ballad Johnny Ace. Lokacin da Sarki ya tafi yawon shakatawa don inganta Ƙarfe uku na Blues, ya juya alhakin Beale Streeters zuwa Ace.
guitar tarihi
A lokacin ne Sarki ya fara sanya wa katar da ya fi so sunan “Lucille”. Labarin ya fara ne da cewa Sarki ya buga wakokinsa a cikin ƙaramin garin Twist (Arkansas).
A yayin wasan kwaikwayo ne dai fada ya barke tsakanin mutanen biyu masu kishi. A yayin artabu, mutanen sun kifar da wata kwandon shara da kananzir, inda ta zube, kuma gobara ta tashi.
Gobarar ta tsorata, mawakin ya fice daga dakin a gaggauce, ya bar gitarsa a ciki. Ba jimawa ya gane cewa shi wawa ne ya koma da gudu. Sarki ya ruga da gudu ya shiga dakin, ya kone wutar, yana kasada ransa.
Lokacin da kowa ya nutsu aka kashe wutar, sai Sarki ya ji sunan yarinyar da ta haddasa rikicin. Sunanta Lucille.
Tun daga wannan lokacin, Sarki yana da Lucilles daban-daban. Gibson har ma ya ƙirƙiri guitar ta al'ada wacce Sarki ya inganta kuma ya amince da shi.
Manyan ginshiƙi
A cikin 1950s, Sarki ya kafa kansa a matsayin sanannen mawaƙin R&B. Ya rubuta abubuwan da aka tsara musamman a cikin Los Angeles a RPM Studios. King ya yi manyan rikodi 20 a cikin wannan kida da tashin hankali na shekaru goma.
Musamman, fitattun abubuwan da aka tsara na wancan lokacin sune: Kun San Ina Son Ku (1952); Washegari da safe ku so Ni (1953); Lokacin da Zuciyata ta Buga kamar Guduma, Dukan Ƙaunar Lotta, kuma Ka Rage Ni Baby (1954); Kowace rana Ina da Blues.
Wasan guitar ta Sarki ya ƙara haɓaka, yana barin duk masu fafatawa a baya.
1960s - zamaninmu
A cikin 1960, King's nasara mai gefe biyu LP Sweet Sixteen ya zama babban mai siyarwa, kuma sauran ayyukansa sun sami Haƙƙin Ƙaunar Babyna da Partin' Time suma ba su yi nisa ba.
Mai zane ya koma ABC-Paramount Records a cikin 1962, yana bin sawun Lloyd Price da Ray Charles.
A cikin Nuwamba 1964, mawaƙin guitarist ya fito da kundin sa na asali, wanda ya haɗa da wasan kwaikwayo a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Chicago.
A cikin wannan shekarar, ya ji daɗin ɗaukakar buga Ta yaya Blue Za Ka Samu. Yana ɗaya daga cikin waƙoƙin sa hannu da yawa.
Waƙoƙin Kada Ku Amsa Ƙofa (1966) da Biyan Kuɗi don zama Boss sune manyan rikodin R&B XNUMX bayan shekaru biyu.
King yana ɗaya daga cikin ƴan bluesmen waɗanda suka rubuta aikin nasara akai-akai, kuma saboda kyakkyawan dalili. Bai ji tsoron gwada kiɗa ba.
A cikin 1973, mawaƙin ya yi tafiya zuwa Philadelphia don yin rikodin waƙoƙin tallace-tallace da yawa: Don Sanin ku Shin Ina Son Ku kuma Ina Son Rayuwar Soyayya.
Kuma a cikin 1978, ya haɗu da sojoji tare da wasu mawakan jazz don ƙirƙirar babbar waƙa mai ban sha'awa kar ka taɓa yin motsi da sauri.
Koyaya, wani lokacin gwaje-gwaje masu ƙarfin gwiwa sun shafi aikin mara kyau. Love Me Tender, kundin sauti na ƙasa, bala'i ne na fasaha da tallace-tallace.
Koyaya, faifan sa don taron koli na MCA Blues (1993) komawa ne don samarwa. Sauran sanannun fitowar daga wannan lokacin sun haɗa da Letthe Good Times Roll: Kiɗa na Louis Jordan (1999) da Riding tare da Sarki (2000) tare da haɗin gwiwar Eric Clapton.
A cikin 2005, King ya yi bikin cika shekaru 80 da haihuwa tare da kundin tauraro mai lamba 80, wanda ya ƙunshi masu fasaha daban-daban kamar Gloria Estefan, John Mayer da Van Morrison.
An sake fitar da wani kundi mai rai a cikin 2008; A wannan shekarar, Sarki ya koma cikin shuɗi mai tsabta tare da Ni'ima ɗaya.
A ƙarshen 2014, an tilasta wa Sarki soke wasannin kide-kide da yawa saboda rashin lafiya, kuma daga baya an kwantar da shi a asibiti sau biyu kuma ya shiga sabis na asibiti a cikin bazara. Ya mutu a ranar 14 ga Mayu, 2015 a Las Vegas, Nevada.
