Bedřich Smetana mawaƙi ne mai daraja, mawaƙi, malami kuma shugaba. Ana kiransa wanda ya kafa Makarantar Mawaƙa ta Jamhuriyar Czech. A yau, ana jin abubuwan da Smetana ya yi a ko'ina a cikin mafi kyawun gidajen wasan kwaikwayo a duniya.
Yara da matasa Bedřich Smetana
Iyayen fitaccen mawakin ba su da wata alaƙa da kerawa. An haife shi a cikin dangin mai shayarwa. Ranar haihuwar Maestro ita ce Maris 2, 1824.
An taso shi a cikin Jaharanci. Hukumomi sun yi ƙoƙarin kawar da harshen Czech gaba ɗaya. Duk da wannan, dangin Smetana yayi magana Czech kawai. Mahaifiyar, wadda ta yi nazari akai-akai da Bedrich, ita ma ta koya wa ɗanta wannan yaren.
An gano sha'awar kiɗan yaron da wuri. Yayi sauri ya ƙware wajen buga kayan kida da yawa, kuma yana ɗan shekara takwas ya fara tsara waƙoƙin sa na farko. Mahaifin, wanda yake kula da dansa, yana so ya zama masanin tattalin arziki, amma Bedrich yana da tsarin rayuwa daban-daban.
Hanyar kirkira ta maestro Bedřich Smetana
Bayan kammala karatunsa daga lyceum na doka, mutumin ya ziyarci Prague. A cikin wannan birni mai ban sha'awa, ya zauna a piano don kawo ƙwarewarsa zuwa matakin ƙwararru.
A cikin waɗannan shekaru, mawaƙin da aka girmama Liszt ya shiga cikin kuɗin sa. Godiya ga goyon bayan abokin aikin nasa, ya buga waƙa na asali da yawa kuma ya buɗe makarantar kiɗa.
A shekara ta 1856 ya zama shugaban gudanarwa a Gothenburg. A can ya yi aiki a matsayin malami, da kuma mawaƙa a cikin rukunin ɗaki. Bayan komawa Prague, maestro ya buɗe wata makarantar kiɗa. Yana da nufin haɓaka kiɗan Czech.
Da sauri ya hau matakin sana'a. Ba da da ewa ya ɗauki matsayin babban darektan gidan wasan opera na ƙasar Czech. A can ya yi sa'a ya sadu da Antonio Dvorak. An yi wasan opera mai ban sha'awa na Smetana a dandalin wasan kwaikwayo na kasa.
A 1874 ya yi rashin lafiya sosai. Jita-jita ya nuna cewa maestro ya kamu da syphilis. A wancan lokacin, kusan ba a yi maganin cutar ta venereal ba. Da shigewar lokaci, ya fara rasa jin sa. Tabarbarewar lafiyar shi ne babban dalilin da ya sa ya bar mukamin darakta a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa.
Cikakkun bayanai na rayuwar sirri na maestro
Ƙaunar rayuwarsa ita ce kyakkyawa Katerzhina Kolarzhova. Ita, kamar shahararren mijinta, tana da alaƙa kai tsaye da kerawa. Katerzhina yayi aiki a matsayin mai wasan piano.
Matar ta haifi ‘ya’yan mawakin. Maestro ya yi fatan cewa babbar 'yarsa Friederika za ta bi sawun sa. A cewar Smetana, tun tana ƙarami, yarinyar ta nuna sha'awar kiɗa na gaske. Ta kama duk abin da ke tashi, kuma ta iya sake maimaita waƙar da ta ji.
Abin takaici, baƙin ciki ya sami dangi. Uku daga cikin yaran hudu sun mutu. Iyalin sun dauki asarar sosai. Bakin ciki ya kama mawakin, wanda ya kasa fita da kansa.
Motsin da Smetana ya samu a wancan lokacin ya haifar da ƙirƙirar babban aikin ɗakin ɗakin farko: uku a cikin ƙaramin G don piano, violin da cello.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da mawaki
- Waƙar kida "Vltava" (Moldau) waƙar Czech ce mara hukuma.
- Ana kiran wani asteroid sunan sa.
- An gina masa abubuwan tarihi da dama a Jamhuriyar Czech.
Mutuwar mawaki Bedřich Smetana
A 1883, saboda dadewa bacin rai, an sanya shi a asibitin mahaukata, wanda yake a Prague. Ya mutu a ranar 12 ga Mayu, 1884. Jikinsa yana kwance a makabartar Visegrad.
