Burl Ives ya kasance daya daga cikin fitattun mawakan duniya na wakokin gargajiya da ballads. Yana da murya mai zurfi da ruhi wacce ta taba ruhi. Mawakin ya kasance wanda ya lashe kyautar Oscar, Grammy da Golden Globe. Ya kasance ba kawai mawaƙa ba, har ma da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo. Ives ya tattara labarun jama'a, ya gyara su kuma ya sanya su cikin waƙoƙi.
Shekarun farkon mawaƙin da farkon aikinsa
Ranar 14 ga Yuni, 1909, an haifi mawaƙa, mawaƙa kuma actor Burl Ichle Ivano Ives a cikin dangin manomi. Iyalin sun zauna a Illinois. Akwai kuma wasu yara shida a gidan, kowannensu yana son kulawar iyayensa. Burl Ives ya nuna kwarewar kidan sa tun yana yaro, lokacin da ya yi wasa tare da ’yan’uwansa maza da mata.
Wata rana kawunsa ya shirya wani taro na tsofaffin sojoji, inda ya gayyaci mawakin nan gaba. Yaron ya yi wakoki da dama, wanda ya bai wa wadanda suka halarci taron mamaki. Amma kakarsa ta cusa soyayya ga tsarin jama'a a cikin mawaƙin. Asalin ta 'yar tsibirin Biritaniya ce kuma ta kan rera wakokin gida ga jikokinta.
Yaron yayi kyau a makaranta. Ya ci gaba da aikin waka da kuma kwallon kafa. Bayan makaranta, ya tafi kwaleji kuma yana so ya haɗa rayuwarsa ta gaba da wasanni. Ya yi mafarki - ya zama kocin kwallon kafa, amma rayuwa ta juya daban. Shekaru uku da shiga makarantar, a 1930, ya bar makaranta ya tafi tafiye-tafiye.
Burl Ives ya yi tafiya zuwa Amurka da Kanada, yayin da yake samun kuɗi daga ƙananan ayyuka na ɗan lokaci. Shi ma bai daina yin waka ba, wanda kuma shi ne ƙarin tushen samun kuɗi. Mawakin nan da sauri ya dauko wakokin gida ya yi su tare da rakiyar gita. Hakan yasa mawakin ya koma gidan yari saboda yawo. An kama shi ne saboda ya rera wakar da ake ganin ba ta dace ba.
A farkon shekarun 1930, an gayyaci Burl Ives don fitowa a rediyo. Shekaru da yawa na wasan kwaikwayon ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa a cikin 1940 ya zama mai watsa shirye-shiryen nasa. A nan ya sami damar yin waƙoƙin jama'a da ya fi so da ballads. Kuma a sakamakon haka, mawaƙin ya yanke shawarar yin karatu kuma ya sami ilimi. Duk da haka, a wannan karon ya zaɓi kwalejin horar da malamai.
Burl Ives Ci gaban Sana'a
Mawakin ya kuduri aniyar gane kansa a matsayin mai yin wakokin gargajiya. An fara gayyatar Ives don yin wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo, gami da kan Broadway. Bugu da ƙari, tsawon shekaru huɗu ya yi wasa a wani gidan rawa na New York. Sannan akwai fitowar rediyo tare da wakokin jigo.
A shekara ta 1942, an kira mawaƙin don ya yi aiki a soja, amma ko a can bai bar kiɗa ba. Burl Ives ya rera waka a cikin rukunin sojoji kuma ya sami matsayin kofur. Amma bayan shekara guda, saboda matsalolin lafiya, an aika shi wurin ajiyar. Bayan 'yan watanni, a ƙarshen 1943, mawaki ya koma New York. A cikin sabon birni, ya dauki nauyin shirin rediyo, kuma a cikin 1946 ya fara fitowa a fim. A lokaci guda, ya ci gaba da nema da rikodin waƙoƙi. Misali, an zabi mawakin don kyautar Oscar saboda rawar da ya yi na wakar Lavender Blue.
Duk da haka, a lokacin akwai lokuta masu wahala. A farkon shekarun 1950, an zargi Burl Ives da wani babban laifi - alaka da 'yan gurguzu. Nan take suka fara hana shi ayyuka da wasan kwaikwayo. Na dogon lokaci, mawaƙin ya tabbatar da cewa zargin ƙarya ne. A ƙarshe, ya tabbatar da cewa ba na gurguzu ba ne. Amma har yanzu akwai alaka. Abokan aiki da yawa sun ƙi yin magana da shi saboda sun ɗauki mawaƙin a matsayin mayaudari kuma mayaudari.
Gaskiyar nasarar Burl Ives
Duk da zargin da ake masa na hada kai da jam'iyyar gurguzu da kuma samun rashin kwanciyar hankali da abokan aikinsa, ya samu nasara. Ƙarshen shekarun 1950 ya kasance alamar rawar a cikin fina-finai masu nasara da yawa. Burl Ives ya sami Oscar saboda rawar da ya taka a matsayin Rufus Hannessy a cikin Babban Kasa.
Ya ci gaba da rikodin waƙoƙi tare da himma kuma ya ɗauki manyan mukamai a cikin sigogi da yawa. Ya kuma bunkasa fasahar wasan kwaikwayo - ya yi tauraro a fina-finai, shirye-shiryen talabijin da kuma kan Broadway. Ya kuma fara sabon kasuwanci - rubuta littattafai. Burl Ives ya rubuta ayyukan almara da yawa kuma, ba shakka, tarihin kansa.
Rayuwar mutum
Mawakin ya yi aure sau biyu. An yi aure na farko a watan Disamba 1945. Burl Ives wanda aka zaba shine marubuci Helen Ehrlich. Kuma bayan shekaru hudu, ma'auratan sun haifi ɗa, Alexander. Ma'auratan sun zauna tare har kusan shekaru 30, amma a watan Fabrairun 1971 sun shigar da karar kisan aure. Bai bayyana ainihin dalilin ba, amma bayan wata biyu mawakin ya yi aure a karo na biyu. Sabuwar matar Dorothy Coster Paul ita ma yar wasan kwaikwayo ce.
Abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da Burl Ives
Gadon mawaƙin zai iya zama mafi girma. Akwai ɗakunan ajiya tare da ayyukansa, amma, rashin alheri, ba a adana su ba. An adana kayan a Universal Studios a Hollywood. A shekara ta 2008, an yi wata babbar gobara a can, sakamakon haka an lalata yawancin ɗakin studio. Bugu da kari, kusan faifan bidiyo da faifan fina-finai kusan dubu 50 sun kone a cikin wuta. Kasancewar a cikin su akwai faifai tare da mawaƙin ya zama sananne a cikin 2019.
Yana da littattafai da yawa. Misali, a cikin 1948, mawaƙin ya buga tarihin rayuwarsa, The Traveling Stranger. Sannan akwai tarin waƙoƙi da yawa, waɗanda suka haɗa da: "The Burl Ives Songbook" da "Tales of America."
Mawakin ya kasance memba na Boy Scouts. Har zuwa karshen rayuwarsa ya shagaltu da taruka da tarukansu na yau da kullun (Jamborees). Shi ne wanda a bayan fage a cikin fim din game da taron kasa, ya yi magana game da fa'ida da damar da 'yan leken asiri.
Burl Ives kuma ya shiga cikin ayyukan Broadway. Babban rawar da ya taka shine kamar Babban Daddy a cikin Cat akan Rufin Tin mai zafi.
Kyaututtuka da nasarori
A cikin 1976, mawaƙin ya zama laureate na Kwalejin Lincoln. Ya sami babbar daraja a jihar, Order of Lincoln, saboda nasarorin fasaha da ya samu.
Burl Ives hazikin mawaki ne, amma ya samu kyaututtuka saboda rawar da ya taka a fina-finai. A cikin 1959, an ba shi lambobin yabo biyu don mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo. Ya sami lambar yabo ta Oscar da Golden Globe saboda rawar da ya taka a fim din The Big Country.
A cikin Yuni 1994, an shigar da shi cikin DeMolay International Hall of Fame.
Mai wasan kwaikwayo ya sami lambar yabo da ba a saba gani ba, Buffalo Silver, lambar yabo mafi girma ta Boy Scouts.
Shekarun ƙarshe na rayuwar mawaƙin
A cikin 1989, bayan cika shekaru 70 da haihuwa, Burl Ives ya rage yawan aiki. A hankali, ya fara ba da lokaci kaɗan don aikinsa kuma a ƙarshe ya yi ritaya.
A cikin 1994, mawaƙin ya kamu da ciwon daji na baka. Ya kasance mai yawan shan taba, don haka wannan ba abin mamaki ba ne. Da farko an yi ayyuka da dama. Duk da haka, ba su yi nasara ba. Sakamakon haka, Burl Ives ya ƙi ƙarin magani. Ya fada cikin suma kuma ya mutu a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 1995. Mawakin bai rayu watanni biyu kafin ranar haihuwarsa - da ya cika shekaru 86 da haihuwa.
