Mawaƙin Gidon Kremer ana kiransa ɗaya daga cikin mafi hazaƙa da mutunta ƴan wasan kwaikwayo na lokacinsa. Dan wasan violin ya fi son ayyukan gargajiya na karni na XNUMX kuma yana nuna hazaka da fasaha.
Yarinta da matashin mawaki Gidon Kremer
An haifi Gidon Kremer a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 1947 a Riga. An rufe makomar yaron nan gaba. Iyalin sun ƙunshi mawaƙa. Iyaye, kakanni da kakan kakan sun buga violin. Bugu da ƙari, kowannensu ya kai wani matsayi kuma ya gina sana'ar kiɗa.
Uban, wanda ya yi la'akari da shi na kudi, musamman ya yi mafarkin makomar ɗansa na kiɗa. Babu wani abin mamaki a cikin gaskiyar cewa dad ya yi tunani game da lafiyar ɗansa. Wannan shine iyali na biyu na Markus Kremer. Shi dan asalin Bayahude ne. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, mutumin ya ƙare a cikin ghetto. Marcus ya tsira, amma dukan iyalin sun mutu. Sai kawai a 1945 ya auri mahaifiyar Gidon, Marianna Bruckner.
Shahararren dan wasan violin na gaba ya fara nazarin kiɗan yana da shekaru 4. Malamai na farko su ne mahaifina da kakana. An koya wa yaron cewa haƙuri yana da mahimmanci a kowace kasuwanci. Don cimma wani abu, kuna buƙatar yin aiki tuƙuru. Matashi Gidon ya koyi wannan da kyau. Ya yi amfani da kayan aikin sosai na tsawon sa'o'i kowace rana.
Mutumin ya fara karatunsa na kiɗa a makarantar kiɗa a Riga. Bayan zuwan shekaru, ya koma Moscow don shiga cikin Conservatory. Daga kwanakin farko na horo a Moscow, an kira Kremer a virtuoso. Da son rai ya zaɓi wasu ayyuka mafi wuya kuma ya jimre da su cikin fasaha.
Ayyukan waƙa
Wasan kwaikwayo na farko na violin ya faru ne a cikin 1963, yayin da yake karatu a ɗakin karatu. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya ci gaba da ayyukan wasan kwaikwayo. Ba da daɗewa ba ya biyo bayan amincewa da ƙasashen duniya. Kremer ya lashe kyaututtuka a gasar kiɗa a Italiya da Kanada. Daga nan aka fara ayyukan kide-kide masu aiki.
Halin da ake ciki a kasar ya yi nasa gyare-gyare a cikin 1980. Kuma mawakin ya tafi Jamus. Gidon Kremer bai ce komai ba game da wannan shawarar, amma akwai nau'ikan iri da yawa. Ɗaya daga cikinsu - mai yin wasan kwaikwayo ya zama abin ƙyama ga hukumomi. Tun farkon aikinsa, ya rera waƙoƙin da yake so. Wani lokaci ya kasance kiɗa na mawaƙa wanda gwamnatin Soviet ta ƙi. A sakamakon haka, an lura da hazakarsa a ko'ina in banda Ƙungiyar.
A cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwarsa a cikin sabuwar ƙasa, mai zane ya kirkiro wani bikin kiɗa, wanda ya jagoranci shekaru da yawa. Tuni a cikin 1990s, maestro ya kasance mai himma a cikin matasa masu kida masu ban sha'awa. Don tallafa musu, Kremer ya ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar makaɗa. Sau da yawa sun zagaya duniya, sun yi rikodin albam fiye da 30.
Daya daga cikinsu an ba shi kyautar Grammy Award a 2002. Kuma an zabi wani don wannan kyautar shekaru 13 bayan haka. Kungiyar kade-kade ta yi bikin cika shekaru 20 a rangadin kida a fadin Turai da Amurka. A yau ba kawai ƙungiyar makaɗa ba, amma alama ce. An san shi a duk faɗin duniya. Kowace shekara mawaƙa suna ba da kide-kide aƙalla 50 da kuma yawon buɗe ido kusan 5.
Gidon Kremer yanzu
Shahararrun masu sukar kiɗan daga ƙasashe daban-daban sun yarda da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun rukunin ƙungiyar makaɗa a duniya. A lokacin aikinsa, maestro ya yi aiki tare da shahararrun mawaƙa da mawaƙa. Ciki har da Averbakh, Pärt, Schnittke, Vasks da sauransu.
Kuma yanzu Gidon Kremer yana da sauƙin saduwa a filin jirgin sama ko tashar jirgin ƙasa. Har yanzu yana tafiya da yawa, yana yin solo da ƙungiyar makaɗa. Mai violin yana jagorantar salon rayuwa mai aiki, don haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa yana da ra'ayoyi da yawa. Shahararren dan wasan violin ya zama marubucin littattafai da dama, ciki har da na tarihin rayuwa.
Kwanan nan, yana yawan tunanin komawa ƙasarsa ta tarihi. Har yanzu ba a yanke shawarar ƙarshe ba, amma, mai yiwuwa, mawaƙin zai motsa nan da nan.
Rayuwar mutum
Mai violin ba ya son raba bayanan rayuwarsa ta sirri. Kremer ya yi aure sau da yawa. Ma'auratan kuma sun kasance daga mahallin m - pianists, violinists, masu daukar hoto. A aure, ya haifi 'ya'ya mata biyu. Daya daga cikinsu shine Aylika Kremer, wanda ya zama 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. Yanzu matar da danginta sun ƙaura zuwa Latvia kuma suka zauna a Riga.
virtuoso game da kansa
Gidon Kremer ya tabbata cewa zama mawaƙi aiki ne kuma babban nauyi ne. Ba za ku iya tsayawa ba kuma ku gamsu da abin da kuke da shi a halin yanzu. Kuna buƙatar yin nazarin duk rayuwar ku kuma ku faɗaɗa tunanin ku na kirkire-kirkire, in ba haka ba mawaƙin zai damun jama'a. Bugu da ƙari, violin ba ya ɗaukar kansa a matsayin mutumin da ke kawo sabon abu ga fasaha.
A ra'ayinsa, kowane mawaƙi kayan aiki ne. Sana'ar sa ita ce nuna wa mutane kyawun ƙirƙira, don taimakawa sadarwa da juna, don raba ra'ayoyi. Mai zane zai iya fassara kyawawan abubuwan da ke kewaye ba tare da sanya nasa hangen nesa ba. Yana da mahimmanci kada a karkatar da ma'anar farko na aikin.
Mutumin kirki yana ganin manufarsa wajen fadada tunanin masu sauraro. Nuna abin da kyau duniya, bude labulen asiri. Don yin wannan, bisa ga mawaƙa, ba buƙatar ku tsaya ba kuma ku je ga maƙasudin, ku ci gaba da yin aiki da inganta ƙwarewar ku. A cikin aikinsa, ba ya yarda da karya, ruɗi da yaudarar kai.
Kremer baya tunani game da ƙarshen hanyar kirkira. Maigidan yana mafarkin kwanciyar hankali na ciki, amma yana fatan raba kyawawan kiɗa tare da wasu na shekaru masu zuwa.
Nasarorin ƙirƙira
Ɗaya daga cikin mafi mahimmancin lambobin yabo shine Latvia Order of the Three Stars (Kyauta mafi girma a Latvia). Na biyu mafi mahimmanci ana iya kiransa Order of the Cross of the Land of Mary.
Tabbas, Kremer yana da lambobin yabo na kiɗa da yawa:
- Kyautar Imperial na Japan. An daidaita ta da kyautar Nobel a duniyar kiɗa;
- Kyautar Rolf Schock na Stockholm;
- nasarori a gasar kiɗa da yawa;
- Kyautar Kiɗa ta UNESCO.
