Herbie Hancock ya dauki duniya da guguwa tare da kwarin gwiwar inganta shi a fagen jazz. A yau, sa’ad da yake ƙasa da 80, bai bar ayyukan kirkire-kirkire ba. Ya ci gaba da karɓar lambobin yabo na Grammy da MTV, yana samar da masu fasaha na zamani. Menene sirrin basirarsa da son rayuwa?
The Living Classic Mystery na Herbert Jeffrey Hancock
Za a ba shi lakabin "classic of jazz" kuma yana ci gaba da ƙirƙirar - wannan ya cancanci girmamawa. An yi wa Hancock lakabi da "wunderkind" tun yana yaro, yana wasa da piano. Abin ban mamaki, ya yi karatu a matsayin mai fasaha, ya zama jazzman solo mai nasara, amma kuma ya yi aiki tare da tauraron zamaninsa - Miles Davis.
A lokacin rayuwarsa, Hancock ya karɓi gramophones da yawa na Grammy. Yanzu yana bin abubuwan da ke faruwa, yana amfani da na'urori daga Apple, yana yin rikodin kundin tare da sa hannun sabbin taurari. Ya kusan taƙaita aikinsa a cikin 2016 - sannan aka ba shi Grammy don nasarorin da aka samu a rayuwa gabaɗaya. Ta yaya hanyar wannan jazzman mai raɗaɗi ta fara? Kuma me yasa yake da ban sha'awa ga sababbin masu sauraro?
Haihuwar Genius Herbert Jeffrey Hancock
Herbie Hancock an haife shi kuma ya girma a Chicago. Ranar haihuwa - Afrilu 12, 1940. Iyaye sun kasance daidaitattun ma'aurata - mahaifina yana aiki a ofis, mahaifiyata tana kula da gida. Lokacin da yaro yana ɗan shekara 7 ya shiga cikin darussan piano, an gano babban hazaka. Malamai sun taba yi wa Herbie lakabi da ƙwararren yaro, kuma yana ɗan shekara 11 ya yi a mataki ɗaya tare da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Chicago Symphony Orchestra, yana buga ayyukan Mozart.
Amma yana da ban sha'awa cewa bayan irin wannan kyakkyawar farawa, Herbie bai shiga cikin ƙwararrun mawaƙa ba nan da nan. Na yanke shawarar zama injiniya, je jami'a, inda na shiga ba tare da wata matsala ba. Tabbas, ilimin fasaha zai kasance da amfani a gare shi a rayuwa, yana karɓar difloma - kuma ya sake canza hanya zuwa kiɗa.
Hancock ya kafa ƙungiyar jazz ɗin sa a cikin 1961. Ya gayyaci abokan aiki masu basira, ciki har da mai yin ƙaho Donald Byrd, wanda ya san Miles Davis. A wannan gaba, Byrd ya riga ya fitar da kundi masu inganci a Blue Note Studios. Kuma Davis ya kasance jazzman mai daraja, kusan almara - kuma ya yaba da basirar Herbie.
Ba da daɗewa ba Davis ya gayyaci Hancock a matsayin ɗan wasan pian don sake karantawa. Ƙungiyar matasansa na buƙatar goyon baya mai kyau. Hancock ya taka leda tare da Tony Williams, Ron Carter - sun dauki matsayi na dan ganga da bassist. Gwaji ne, Hancock ya ba da shawarar. Amma a zahiri, an riga an fara yin rikodin kundin! Wanne ya zama sanannen ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru "Mataki bakwai zuwa sama".
Yin iyo kyauta Herbert Jeffrey Hancock
Haɗin kai tare da Davis ya kasance fiye da shekaru 5, sakamakon shine albam jazz-rock na al'ada. Amma Hancock ya yi aure kuma ya ɗan yi jinkiri a lokacin gudun amarci. Wannan, a cewar jita-jita, ya zama uzuri ne kawai na cire shi daga kungiyar. Wataƙila rashin jituwa da aka daɗe ya kai ga wannan shawarar. Bikin aure ba shine babban dalilin da zai sa a makara don yin aikin ba. Amma Hancock bai dauki lamarin da wasa ba. Matarsa Gudrun ita ce kadai soyayyarsa a duk rayuwarsa.
Har ila yau, Hancock bai shan taba ko sha ba, kuma yana cikin aikin agaji. Bai je kotu ba, bai sha kwaya ba, bai shiga rikici ba. Ko da addinin Buddha ya karɓi. Wataƙila mafi kyawun tauraro na jazz da rock! Ya tsaya a wajen siyasa, ko da yake a lokacin zaben Trump na neman shugabancin kasar ya yi magana kan hakan. Amma a nan aikin solo yana tafiya ta hanyar zigzag, akwai jifa, shakku da gwaje-gwaje. A bayyane yake, an bayyana duk abin da ya girgiza cikin kerawa.
Hancock ya canza hanya daga ƙwararrun gwaje-gwajen kiɗan zuwa ayyukan fafutuka masu sauƙi da kiɗan rawa. A lokaci guda kuma suka kawo masa Grammys daya bayan daya. Mawaƙin ba baƙon ci gaba ba ne, bai sha wahala daga halin sake dawo da tunani da ra'ayi ba.
Duk abubuwan zamani na kiɗan da yake so a lokacin aikinsa tare da Davis. Yayin da gitar lantarki da sabon ƙarni na kayan kida suka shigo cikin salo, Hancock ya gwada dutsen. Miles kuma yana so ya kai matakin "stardom" tare da matasa masu sauraro, kamar Jimi Hendrix tare da guitar mai ban mamaki.
Babban gwaji
Akwai ra'ayoyi daban-daban: cewa Hancock bai gane sababbin abubuwa ba kuma shi ne ya canza tsarin tawagar zuwa zamani. Misali, Herbert Hancock da kansa ya fada a cikin jaridu cewa nan da nan ya fara kunna allunan lantarki na Rhodes. Ko da yake, a matsayinsa na ɗan wasan piano na gargajiya, bai yaba da wannan “abin wasa” na zamani ba da farko. Amma ya buge shi da ikon haɓaka sautin kusan har abada, wanda ba zai yuwu ba tare da kayan kiɗan. Maɓallan sun yi ƙara fiye da ganguna a karon farko a tarihi.
A fasaha ta horo, Hancock ya fara tattara synthesizers, kwamfuta, da kowane irin kayan lantarki. Ya zama abokai tare da wadanda suka kafa Apple - Jobs da Wozniak, har ma ya ba su shawara game da software na kiɗa. Ya kasance mai gwada sabbin ci gaba.
Yana da kyau a lura cewa ci gaban solo na Hancock ya kasance mai sauti. Ya yi kama da sabo, amma ba haka ba ne avant-garde; maimakon haka, ya amfana daga hazakar mai pianist. A cikin 1962, kundin sa na farko na solo, Takin' Off, an sake shi akan Blue Note Studios.
ƙwararren mai busa ƙaho Freddie Hubbard, saxophonist Dexter Gordon ya taka rawa tare. Waƙar farko "Man Kankana" ta zama abin burgewa, kamar yadda kundin marubucin ya yi. Kuma lokacin da tauraron Latin Mongo Santamaria ya rufe waƙar, shaharar ta zama babba. Wannan waƙar ta zama katin kiran Herbie Hancock har abada.
A sakamakon haka, aikin jazzman ya zama kamar ya rabu. Hakanan ya yi hits a cikin yanayin pop kuma ya inganta fasahar jazz ɗin sa. Hip-hop ma ba a tsira ba. Kundin "Empyrean Islands" ya zama classic, kuma abun da ke ciki na "Cantaloop Island", tare da jigon sa na musamman, ya zama farkon ci gaban acid jazz.
Jagora mara shekaru
Tuni a cikin 1990s, a zamanin Rave da Electronica, an saki waƙar "Cantaloop", wanda US3 ya yi. Kai ne ga Hancock da wani bugun. Karshen kari, salon remix, "acidity" - duk wannan ya fito ne daga jazz, hard bop na 1950s. Kuma babu shakka rawar Hancock a cikinta tana da girma. Bayan wannan tashin, mutane da yawa sun fara yanke samfurori daga tsoffin bayanan jazz.
Aikin Hancock ya sami rayuwa ta biyu. Ya zama gwarzo na MTV a cikin 1980s, ya fito da kundin lantarki "Head Hunters", yayi aiki tare da funk, kayan lantarki. A cikin album "Future Shock" ya fito da al'ada guda "Rockit" - wani harbinger na breakdancing. Ya yi tsammanin sabbin abubuwa kuma ya halicce su da kansa. Bai manta da acoustics da tushensa - a matsayin jazz virtuoso, ya yi aiki a kan abubuwan yau da kullun.
Bidiyon waƙar "Rockit" an harbe shi ta hanyar darektocin kungiyoyin asiri Lol Krim da Kevin Godley. Yana da ban dariya cewa rawar da Hancock ya taka a ciki ... TV, mai zane da kansa ya ƙi bayyana a cikin firam. Sakamakon shine kyaututtukan Grammy guda biyar.
Hancock ya canza ɗakunan rikodi. Hagu Warner Brothers don Universal, inda alamar Verve jazz ke aiki. Kundin "The New Standard" (1996) ya zama mai shela na sabon jazz-rock mai hankali da sauti, kodayake akwai ƙaramin jazz a can. Taurari na wancan lokacin sun tsara ma'auni - Peter Gabriel, Sade, Kurt Cobain, Prince da sauransu. Kuma Hancock ya buɗe kofa ga jazzmen masu ra'ayin mazan jiya ga duniyar kiɗan pop da rock - yanzu ya zama kyakkyawan tsari. Yana da al'ada don sake buga sanannun hits a cikin jazz kuma akasin haka.
Kundin "Gershwin's World" (1998) ya zama haɗin gwiwa tare da Johnny Mitchell. A shekara ta 2007, an saki dukan album tare da waƙoƙinta - "River: The Joni Letters", tare da sa hannun Norah Jones, Leonard Cohen.
A yau, duk wanda bai sake buga hits Hancock ba - kuma Jibrilu iri ɗaya, da Pink, da John Legend, Kate Bush. Kowa yana yin ta ta hanyarsa. Gudunmawar mawaƙin Herbert Hancock tana da yawa har gudunmawar ɗaiɗaikun mutane suna barin wurin gwaji.
