Joan Baez mawaƙin Amurka ne, marubuci kuma ɗan siyasa. Mai wasan kwaikwayo yana aiki na musamman a cikin nau'ikan jama'a da na ƙasa.
Lokacin da Joan ta fara shekaru 60 da suka gabata a shagunan kofi na Boston, wasan kwaikwayon nata bai sami halartar mutane sama da 40 ba. Yanzu haka tana zaune akan kujera a kicin dinta, da guitar a hannunta. Miliyoyin masu kallo a duk duniya suna kallon kide-kidenta kai tsaye.
Yara da matasa Joan Baez
An haifi Joan Baez a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1941 a birnin New York. An haifi yarinyar a cikin dangin shahararren masanin kimiyyar lissafi Albert Baez. Babu shakka, matsayin shugaban iyali na yaƙi da yaƙi yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi a ra’ayin Joan.
A ƙarshen 1950s, dangin sun ƙaura zuwa yankin Boston. Sannan Boston ita ce cibiyar al'adun gargajiya na kiɗa. A gaskiya, sai Joan ya ƙaunaci kiɗa, har ma ya fara yin wasa a kan mataki, yana shiga cikin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin birni daban-daban.
Gabatar da kundi na farko Joan Baez
Ƙwararriyar waƙa ta Joan ta fara ne a cikin 1959 a bikin Folk na Newport. A shekara daga baya, singer ta discography da aka cika da farko studio album Joan Baez. An shirya rikodi a gidan rediyon Vanguard Record.
A 1961, Joan ya tafi yawon shakatawa na farko. Mawakin ya ziyarci manyan biranen kasar Amurka a wani bangare na rangadin. Kusan lokaci guda, hoton Baez ya bayyana a bangon mujallar Time. Wannan ya ba da gudummawa ga karuwar yawan magoya baya.
Time ya rubuta: “Muryar Joan Baez a bayyane take kamar iska a cikin kaka, mai haske, mai ƙarfi, mara horo da soprano mai daɗi. Mai wasan kwaikwayo gaba daya ta yi watsi da aikace-aikacen kayan shafa, kuma dogon gashinta mai duhu ya rataye kamar labule, ya rabu a kusa da fuskarta mai siffar almond ... ".
Dan kasa Joan Baez
Joan ɗan ƙasa ne mai himma. Kuma tun da ta zama sananne, ta yanke shawarar taimaka wa mutane. A cikin 1962, a lokacin gwagwarmayar bakar fata Amurkawa don neman hakkin jama'a, dan wasan ya yi rangadi a Kudancin Amurka, inda har yanzu ana ci gaba da wariyar launin fata.
A wurin bikin, Joan ta ce ba za ta yi wa masu sauraro waƙa ba har sai an zauna tare da fararen fata da baƙi. A cikin 1963, mawaƙin Amurka ya ƙi biyan haraji. Mawaƙin ya bayyana shi a sauƙaƙe - ba ta son tallafawa tseren makamai. Amma a lokaci guda, ta samar da gidauniyar agaji ta musamman, inda take tura kudadenta duk wata. A cikin 1964, Joan ya kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Rashin Tashin hankali.
An kuma lura da mai wasan kwaikwayon a lokacin yakin Vietnam. Sannan ta taka rawar gani sosai a harkar yaki da yaki. A zahiri, saboda wannan Joan ta sami wa'adinta na farko.
Mawakin Ba'amurke ya halarci manyan makarantun ilimi. Ayyukan zamantakewa na Joan ya ɗauki matsayi mai mahimmanci. Baez ya gaji irin wannan halin ko in kula ga abin da ke faruwa a kasar daga mahaifinsa.
Joan ya ƙara yin waƙoƙin zanga-zangar. Masu sauraro sun bi mawakin. A cikin wannan lokacin, waƙarta ta ƙunshi waƙoƙin Bob Dylan. Ɗaya daga cikinsu - Farewell, Angelina ta yi aiki a matsayin take don kundin studio na bakwai.
Gwaje-gwajen kiɗa na Joan Baez
Tun daga ƙarshen 1960s, abubuwan kiɗa na Joan sun ɗauki sabon dandano. Ba'amurke ɗan wasan kwaikwayo a hankali ya ƙaura daga sautin ƙara. A cikin abubuwan da aka tsara na Baez, bayanan ƙungiyar mawaƙa na kaɗe-kaɗe ana jin su sosai. Ta yi aiki tare da gogaggun masu shiryawa kamar su Paul Simon, Lennon, McCartney da Jacques Brel.
1968 ya fara da mummunan labari. Ya bayyana cewa an hana sayar da tarin mawakan a cikin shagunan sojoji na Amurka. Hakan ya faru ne saboda matsayin Baez na adawa da yaƙi.
Joan ya zama mai ba da shawara mai ba da shawara game da matakin rashin tashin hankali. Fasto Martin Luther King, jagoran kare hakkin jama'a kuma abokin Baez ne ya jagorance su a Amurka.
A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, albums na mawaƙa guda uku sun kai abin da ake kira "matsayin zinariya". A lokaci guda kuma, mawaƙin ya auri mai fafutukar yaƙi da yaƙi David Harris.
Joan ya ci gaba da yawon shakatawa a duniya. A wurin kide-kide da wake-wake, mawaƙin ya faranta wa magoya baya farin ciki ba kawai tare da kyawawan iyawar murya ba. Kusan kowane wasan kide kide na Baez shine tsantsar kira zuwa ga zaman lafiya. Ta bukaci magoya bayanta da kada su yi aikin soja, kada su sayi makamai kuma kada su yi fada da "makiya".
Joan Baez ya gabatar da waƙar "Natalia"
A 1973, Amurka singer gabatar da ban mamaki m abun da ke ciki "Natalya". Waƙar ta kasance game da wata mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam, mawaƙiya Natalya Gorbanevskaya, wacce ta ƙare a asibitin masu tabin hankali sakamakon ayyukanta. Bugu da ƙari, Joan ya yi a cikin waƙar Bulat Okudzhava na Rasha "Union of Friends".
Bayan shekaru biyar, da singer ta concert zai faru a Leningrad. Abin sha'awa, a jajibirin jawabin, jami'an yankin sun soke wasan Baez ba tare da wani bayani ba. Amma duk da haka, da singer yanke shawarar ziyarci Moscow. Ba da daɗewa ba ta sadu da 'yan adawa na Rasha, ciki har da Andrei Sakharov da Elena Bonner.
A cikin wata hira da Melody Maker, mawakiyar Amurka ta yarda:
“Ina ganin na fi mawaka siyasa. Ina son karantawa lokacin da suka rubuta game da ni a matsayin mai zaman lafiya. Ban taɓa samun wani abu game da mutane suna magana game da ni a matsayina na mawaƙin jama'a ba, amma har yanzu wauta ce in ƙaryata cewa kiɗan ya fara zuwa gare ni. Yin wasan kwaikwayo ba zai yanke abin da nake yi wa mutane masu zaman lafiya ba. Na fahimci cewa mutane da yawa, in faɗi a hankali, suna jin haushin cewa na sa hancina cikin siyasa, amma rashin gaskiya ne a gare ni in ɗauka cewa ni ɗan wasa ne kawai ... Jama'a sha'awa ce ta sakandare. Ba na jin kida da wuya saboda yawancin ta ba su da kyau…”.
Baez ya zama wanda ya kafa kwamitin kare hakkin dan Adam na kasa da kasa. Kwanan nan an baiwa wani fitaccen Ba’amurke lambar yabo ta Faransa Legion of Honor saboda ayyukan siyasa. Ta kuma samu digirin girmamawa daga jami'o'i da dama.
Joan Baez ba shi da tabbas ba tare da siyasa da al'adu ba. Waɗannan “kwayoyin” guda biyu sun cika shi da ma’anar rayuwa. Ana ɗaukar Baez ɗaya daga cikin manyan mawaƙan rock-rock kuma mafi yawan wakilinsa.
Joan Baez a yau
Mawakin na Amurka ba zai yi ritaya ba. Ta kuma faranta ran magoya bayanta da kyawawan muryoyinta a cikin 2020.
Yayin COVID-19, keɓewa da keɓe kai, Joan yana waƙa ga mutane akan Facebook. Ƙananan wasan kwaikwayo na warkaswa, gajerun watsa shirye-shiryen duniya tare da kalmomi na ƙarfafawa da tallafi - wannan shine abin da al'umma ke bukata a cikin wannan mawuyacin lokaci.
