Majagaba na jazz, Louis Armstrong shine ɗan wasa mai mahimmanci na farko da ya fito daga nau'in. Kuma daga baya Louis Armstrong ya zama mawaƙi mafi tasiri a tarihin kiɗa. Armstrong ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙaho na virtuoso. Waƙarsa, wanda ya fara da rikodin ɗakin studio da ya yi a cikin 1920s tare da shahararren Hot Five da Hot Seven ensembles, ya zayyana makomar jazz a cikin ƙirƙira, haɓaka haɓakar motsin rai.
Masoyan Jazz suna girmama shi saboda wannan. Amma kuma Armstrong ya zama babban jigo a shahararriyar kida. Duk saboda furucinsa na waƙar baritone da kyawun halayensa. Ya nuna bajintar sa a cikin jerin faifan murya da rawar da ya taka a fina-finai.
Ya tsira daga lokacin bebop na 40s, ya zama mafi ƙaunataccen ƙauna a duniya. A cikin 50s, Armstrong yana samun karɓuwa sosai yayin da yake tafiya a cikin Amurka. Ta haka ne yake samun lakabin "Ambassador Sutch". Yunƙurinsa a cikin 60s tare da buga rikodin kamar 1965 Grammy-lashe "Hello Dolly" da kuma 1968 classic "Abin da Duniya Mai Al'ajabi" ya ƙarfafa gadonsa a matsayin alamar kiɗa da al'adu a cikin duniyar kiɗa.
A cikin 1972, shekara guda bayan mutuwarsa, ya sami lambar yabo ta Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Hakazalika, yawancin faifan rikodinsa, kamar 1928's West End Blues da Mack the Knife na 1955, an shigar da su a cikin Grammy Hall of Fame.
Yaro da sha'awar farko ga kiɗa na Louis Armstrong
An haifi Armstrong a 1901 a New Orleans, Louisiana. Ya na da wahala yarinta. William Armstrong, mahaifinsa, ma'aikacin masana'anta ne wanda ya bar iyalin jim kadan bayan an haifi yaron. Armstrong ya kasance mahaifiyarsa, Maryamu (Albert) Armstrong, da kakarsa ta uwa. Ya nuna sha’awar kiɗa da wuri, kuma dillalin da ya yi aiki da shi a matsayin ɗalibin firamare ya taimaka masa ya sayi ƙwanƙwasa. A kan wannan kayan aikin, Louis daga baya ya koyi yin wasa sosai.
Armstrong ya bar makaranta yana da shekaru 11 don shiga ƙungiyar da ba ta dace ba, amma a ranar 31 ga Disamba, 1912, ya harba bindiga a lokacin bikin Sabuwar Shekara kuma an tura shi makarantar gyarawa. A nan ya yi karatun kiɗa kuma ya kunna ƙwanƙwasa da ƙwanƙwasa gilashi a cikin ƙungiyar makaranta, kuma a ƙarshe ya zama jagoranta.
An sake shi a ranar 16 ga Yuni, 1914 sannan mawakin ya tsunduma cikin aikin motsa jiki, yana kokarin tabbatar da kansa a matsayin mawaki. An ɗauke shi a ƙarƙashin reshe na ɗan jarida Joe "King" Oliver, kuma lokacin da Oliver ya koma Chicago a watan Yuni 1918, Armstrong ya maye gurbinsa a cikin ƙungiyar Kid Ory. A cikin bazara na 1919, ya koma ƙungiyar Fate Marable, ya kasance tare da Marable har zuwa kaka na 1921.
Armstrong ya koma Chicago don shiga kungiyar Oliver a watan Agustan 1922 kuma ya yi rikodinsa na farko a matsayin memba na kungiyar a cikin bazara na 1923. A can ya auri Lillian Harden, ƴan wasan pian a ƙungiyar Oliver, a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 1924. Ita ce ta biyu a cikin matansa hudu. Tare da taimakonta, ya bar Oliver ya shiga ƙungiyar Fletcher Henderson a New York, ya zauna a can har tsawon shekara guda, sannan ya koma Chicago a watan Nuwamba 1925 don shiga Dreamland Syncopators na matarsa. A wannan lokacin, ya canza daga cornet zuwa ƙaho.
Louis Armstrong: samun farin jini
Armstrong ya sami isasshen kulawar mutum don yin halarta na farko a matsayin jagora a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba, 1925. Karkashin kwangila tare da OKeh Records, ya fara yin jerin rikodi na bandeji-kawai mai suna Hot Fives ko Hot Sevens.
Ya yi wasan kwaikwayo tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa karkashin jagorancin Erskine Tate da Carroll Dickerson. Rikodin Hot Fives na "Muskrat Ramble" ya ba Armstrong nasara a kan Top 1926 a Yuli XNUMX. Hot Fives kuma sun nuna Kid Ory akan trombone, Johnny Dodds akan clarinet, Lillian Harden Armstrong akan piano, da Johnny St. Cyr a banjo.
A watan Fabrairun 1927, Armstrong ya shahara sosai don jagorantar nasa Louis Armstrong & kungiyar Stompers a Chicago's Sunset Cafe. Armstrong bai yi aiki a matsayin jagoran band a cikin ma'anar da aka saba ba, amma a maimakon haka yakan ba da sunansa ga kafafan makada. A watan Afrilu, ya kai saman jadawalin tare da rikodin muryarsa na farko "Big Butter and Egg Man", duet tare da May Alix.
Ya zama tauraron soloist a ƙungiyar Carroll Dickerson a Savoy Ballroom a Chicago a cikin Maris 1928, kuma daga baya ya zama ɗan wasan gaba na ƙungiyar. Ɗayan "Mai zafi fiye da wancan" ya buga Top 1928 a watan Mayu XNUMX, sannan "West End Blues" ya biyo baya a watan Satumba, wanda daga baya ya zama ɗaya daga cikin rikodin farko da ya bayyana a cikin Grammy Hall of Fame.
Armstrong ya koma New York tare da ƙungiyarsa don halartar Connie's Inn a Harlem a watan Mayu 1929. Ya kuma fara yin kida a cikin makada na Broadway revue Hot Chocolates, kuma ya sami farin jini tare da wasan kwaikwayonsa na waƙar "Ba Misbehavin" ba. A watan Satumba, rikodinsa na wannan waƙa ya shiga cikin ginshiƙi, ya zama mafi girma goma.
Louis Armstrong: motsi na yau da kullun da yawon shakatawa
A watan Fabrairun 1930, Armstrong ya yi tare da ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Louis Russell don yawon shakatawa na Kudu, kuma a watan Mayu ya yi tafiya zuwa Los Angeles, inda ya jagoranci ƙungiyar a Sebastian's Cotton Club na tsawon watanni goma masu zuwa.
Sa'an nan ya fara halarta a karon a cikin fim "Ex-Flame", saki a karshen 1931. A farkon 1932, ya koma daga "kiɗan launin fata" mai daidaitawa OKeh lakabin zuwa mafi kyawun rikodin rikodin Columbia, wanda ya yi rikodin manyan manyan 5 hits: "Chinatown, My Chinatown" da "Kuna iya Dogara da Ni", Bayan Maris ya buga "Dukkan Ni" a cikin Maris 1932 da kuma wani "Love, You Funny Thing" ya buga sigogi a wannan watan.
A cikin bazara na 1932, Armstrong ya koma Chicago don yin wasa tare da rukunin da Zilner Randolph ya jagoranta; Daga nan kungiyar ta zagaya a duk fadin kasar.
A watan Yuli, Armstrong ya tafi yawon shakatawa a Ingila. Ya shafe shekaru masu zuwa a Turai, kuma aikinsa na Amurka ya sami goyan bayan jerin rikodin rikodin, ciki har da manyan hits goma "Sweethearts on Parade" (Agusta 1932; rikodin Disamba 1930) da "Jiki da Rai" (Oktoba 1932; da aka rubuta a watan Oktoba 1930).
Mafi kyawun fasalinsa na "Hobo, Ba za ku iya Hawa Wannan Jirgin ba" ya buga saman jadawalin a farkon 1933. An yi rikodin guda ɗaya akan Victor Records.
Louis Armstrong: Komawa Amurka
Lokacin da mawaƙin ya dawo Amurka a cikin 1935, ya sanya hannu tare da sabuwar kafa Decca Records kuma cikin sauri ya zira kwallaye Top Ten: "Ina cikin Yanayin Soyayya"/"You Are My Lucky Star".
Sabon manaja na Armstrong, Joe Glaser, ya kafa masa wata ƙungiya. An fara wasan farko a Indianapolis a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 1935. Ya yi yawon shakatawa akai-akai cikin ƴan shekaru masu zuwa.
Ya kuma sami jerin ƙananan ayyuka a cikin hotuna masu motsi. Fara da Penny daga sama a watan Disamba 1936. Armstrong kuma ya ci gaba da yin rikodi a Decca Studios. Sakamakon Top 1937 hits sun hada da "Lambar Melody na Jama'a" (Agusta 1939), "Lokacin da Waliyai suka Tafi zuwa" (Afrilu 1946) da "Ba Za Ku Gane Ba (Har Sai kun Karya Zuciyata)" (Afrilu 1939) - duet na ƙarshe tare da Ella Fitzgerald. Louis Armstrong ya koma Broadway a cikin ƙaramin kiɗan Swingin' the Dream a watan Nuwamba XNUMX.
Sabbin kwangiloli da buga rikodin
Tare da raguwar kiɗan kiɗa a cikin shekarun bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Armstrong ya wargaza babbar ƙungiyarsa kuma ya haɗa ƙaramin ƙungiya mai suna "His All-Stars", wanda aka yi karo da shi a Los Angeles a ranar 13 ga Agusta, 1947. Ziyarar farko ta Turai tun 1935 ta faru a cikin Fabrairu 1948. Sannan mawakin ya rika zagayawa a duniya akai-akai.
A cikin watan Yuni 1951, aikinsa ya buga mafi girma goma records - Satchmo a Symphony Hall (sunan barkwanci Satchmo). Don haka Armstrong ya rubuta manyan guda 10 na farko a cikin shekaru biyar. Ita ce guda "(Lokacin da Muke Rawa) Na Samu Ra'ayoyi".
Bangaren B na waƙar ya ƙunshi rikodin waƙar "Kiss don Gina Mafarki Akan", wanda Armstrong ya rera a cikin fim ɗin The Strip. A cikin 1993, ya sami sabon shahara lokacin da aka yi amfani da aikinsa a cikin fim ɗin Sleepless a Seattle.
Aikin Armstrong tare da lakabi iri-iri
Armstrong ya kawo karshen kwantiraginsa da Decca a shekara ta 1954, bayan haka manajansa ya yanke shawarar kin sanya hannu kan wata sabuwar kwangila, amma a maimakon haka ya dauki Armstrong a matsayin mai zaman kansa na wasu lakabi.
Mai taken Satch Plays Fats, kyauta ga Fats Waller, babban rikodin 1955 ne da aka rubuta a Columbia a cikin Oktoba 1956. Verve Records ya sanya hannu kan Armstrong zuwa jerin rikodi tare da Ella Fitzgerald, wanda ya fara da Ella da Louis LP a XNUMX.
Armstrong ya ci gaba da yawon shakatawa duk da ciwon zuciya a watan Yunin 1959. A cikin 1964, ya zira wani abin mamaki ta hanyar rubuta waƙar taken waƙar Broadway Hello, Dolly!, wanda ya kai lamba ɗaya a watan Mayu, bayan haka waƙar ta tafi zinare.
Armstrong ya yi rikodin kundi mai suna iri ɗaya. Ya ba shi Grammy don Mafi kyawun Ayyukan Murya. An maimaita wannan nasarar a duniya shekaru hudu bayan haka. Tare da buga "Abin da Duniya Mai Al'ajabi". Armstrong ya lashe matsayi na farko a Burtaniya a watan Afrilun 1968. Bai sami kulawa sosai a Amurka ba sai 1987. Sannan aka yi amfani da waƙar a cikin fim ɗin Good Morning Vietnam. Bayan haka, ya zama Top 40 hit.
An nuna Armstrong a cikin fim ɗin 1969 Hello, Dolly! Mawaƙin ya yi waƙar take a cikin wani duet tare da Barbara Streisand. Ya fara yin kadan akai-akai a ƙarshen 60s da farkon 70s.
Louis Armstrong: saitin tauraro
Mawakin ya rasu ne sakamakon ciwon zuciya a shekarar 1971 yana da shekaru 69 a duniya. Bayan shekara guda, an ba shi lambar yabo ta Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.
A matsayinsa na mai fasaha, Armstrong ya sami fahimtar nau'ikan masu sauraro daban-daban guda biyu. Na farko dai magoya bayan jazz ne wadanda suka girmama shi saboda sabbin abubuwan da ya fara yi a matsayin dan wasan kida. Wani lokaci suna jin kunya saboda rashin sha'awar abubuwan da ke faruwa a jazz daga baya. Na biyu magoya bayan pop music ne. Wadancan sun yaba da irin rawar da ya taka. Musamman a matsayinsa na mawaki, amma ba ya san muhimmancinsa a matsayinsa na mawakin jazz.
Idan aka yi la’akari da shahararsa, tsawon aikinsa da kuma manyan ayyukan tambari da ya yi a ‘yan shekarun nan, za a iya cewa aikinsa ya yi fice a fannonin waka daban-daban.
