Marlene Dietrich - mafi girma singer da actress, daya daga cikin m beauties na 1930th karni. Ma'abũcin m contralto, na halitta m damar iya yin komai, tare da m fara'a da ikon gabatar da kanta a kan mataki. A cikin XNUMXs, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu fasaha mata mafi girma a duniya.
Ta shahara ba kawai a karamar ƙasarta ba, har ma da nisa fiye da iyakokinta. Ta hanyar dama, an dauke ta a matsayin ma'auni na mata da jima'i.
Akwai tatsuniyoyi game da rayuwar mai zane. Wasu suna la'akari da ita alama ce ta mugunta don yawancin haɗin kai tare da maza, wasu - gunkin salon da dandano mai ladabi, mace mai dacewa da kwaikwayo.
To wacece Marlene Dietrich? Me yasa har yanzu makomarta ta jawo hankalin ba kawai masu sha'awar basira, masu sukar fasaha da masana tarihi ba, har ma da talakawa?
Balaguro cikin biography na Marlene Dietrich
An haifi Maria Magdalena Dietrich (sunan gaske) a ranar 27 ga Disamba, 1901 a Berlin a cikin dangi masu arziki. Yarinyar ta san mahaifinta kadan. Ya rasu tana da shekara 6 a duniya.
An gudanar da tarbiyyar ta hanyar uwa, mace mai "ƙarfe" hali da ka'idoji masu tsauri. Shi ya sa ta ba 'ya'yanta (Dietrich yana da 'yar'uwar Liesel) kyakkyawar ilimi.
Dietrich ya ƙware a cikin harsunan waje guda biyu (Ingilishi da Faransanci), ya buga lute, violin da piano, kuma ya rera waƙa. Wasan kwaikwayo na farko na jama'a ya faru a lokacin rani na 1917 a wani wasan kwaikwayo na Red Cross.
Yarinyar tana da shekaru 16, ta bar makaranta, kuma bisa ga nacewar mahaifiyarta, ta koma garin Weimar na lardin Jamus, inda ta zauna a wani gidan kwana, ta ci gaba da karatunta na wasan violin. Amma ba a kaddara ta zama shahararriyar 'yar wasan violin ba.
A cikin 1921, ta koma Berlin, ta fara ƙoƙarin shiga makarantar K. Flesch Higher School of Music, amma abin ya ci tura. Sa'an nan a shekara ta 1922 ta shiga makarantar riko na M. Reinhardt a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Jamus, amma kuma ba ta ci jarrabawa ba.
Duk da haka, darektan cibiyar ilimi ya lura da basirar yarinyar kuma ya ba ta darussa a cikin sirri.
A wannan lokacin, yarinyar ta sami damar yin aiki a cikin ƙungiyar mawaƙa tare da fina-finai na shiru, dan rawa a cikin cafe dare. Fortune ta yi murmushi ga Marlene. Ta fara fitowa a mataki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin 'yar wasan kwaikwayo tana da shekaru 21.
Hanyar kirkira ta Marlene Dietrich
Tun Disamba 1922, m tashi a cikin aikinsa ya fara. An gayyaci yarinyar zuwa gwaje-gwajen allo. Ta alamar tauraro a cikin fina-finai: "Waɗannan su ne maza", "Masifu na soyayya", "Cafe Electrician".
Amma ainihin daukaka ya zo bayan da saki na fim "The Blue Angel" a 1930. Waƙoƙin da Marlene Dietrich yayi daga wannan fim ya zama hits, kuma actress kanta ta farka sananne.
A wannan shekarar, ta bar Jamus zuwa Amurka, inda ta rattaba hannu kan kwangila mai kayatarwa tare da Paramount Pictures. A lokacin haɗin gwiwa tare da kamfanin Hollywood, an harbe fina-finai 6, wanda ya kawo sunan Dietrich a duniya.
A wannan lokacin ne ta zama ma'auni na kyawun mace, alamar jima'i, duka biyu masu banƙyama da marasa laifi, wanda ba a iya mantawa da shi da kuma rashin hankali.
Daga nan aka sake kiran mai zanen zuwa Jamus, amma ta ki amincewa da tayin, ta ci gaba da yin fim a Amurka, kuma ta sami zama ɗan ƙasar Amurka.
A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Marlene ta katse aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo kuma ta rera waka a gaban sojojin Amurka, kuma ta zargi gwamnatin Nazi a fili. Kamar yadda mai zanen ya ce daga baya: "Wannan shi ne kawai muhimmin al'amari a rayuwata."
Bayan yakin, hukumomin Faransa da Amurka sun yaba da ayyukanta na adawa da Jamus, inda suka ba ta lambobin yabo da umarni.
Tsakanin 1946 da 1951 mawallafin ya kasance mafi yawan tsunduma cikin rubuta labarai na mujallu na zamani, shirya shirye-shiryen rediyo, kuma ya taka rawar gani a fina-finai.
A 1953, Marlene Dietrich ya bayyana a gaban jama'a a cikin wani sabon matsayi a matsayin mawaƙa da kuma nishadi. Tare da dan wasan pian B. Bakarak, ta yi rikodin albam da yawa. Tun daga wancan lokacin tauraruwar fina-finan ta fara fitowa a fina-finai kadan.
Bayan komawar jarumar kasarta ta haihuwa, an yiwa jarumar tarba mai sanyi. Jama'a ba su yarda da ra'ayoyinta na siyasa ba, wanda ke nuna adawa da ayyukan hukumomin Jamus a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu.
A ƙarshen aikinta, Dietrich ta yi tauraro a cikin ƙarin kaset ("The Nuremberg Trials", "Beautiful Gigolo, Poor Gigolo"). A 1964, da singer bayar da kide-kide a Birnin Leningrad da kuma Moscow.
A cikin 1975, wani haɗari ya katse wani aiki mai nasara. A wani wasan kwaikwayo a Sydney, Dietrich ya fada cikin ramin kungiyar makada kuma ya sami karaya mai tsanani na femur ta. Bayan an sallame ta daga asibiti, Marlene ta tafi Faransa.
A cikin shekaru na ƙarshe na rayuwarta, actress kusan bai bar gidan ba. Da kyar ta yarda da cewa rayuwa ba zata kasance ba. Rashin lafiya, mutuwar mijinta, dimaucewa kyau ya zama manyan dalilan tafiyar jarumar da ta taba haskawa a dandalin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma fina-finai a inuwarta.
A ranar 6 ga Mayu, 1992, Marlene Dietrich ta rasu. An binne tauraruwar a makabartar birnin Berlin kusa da mahaifiyarta.
Rayuwar mawaƙa a wajen dandalin da silima
Marlene Dietrich, kamar kowace jama'a, sau da yawa ta sami kanta a cikin tabo. Masu sauraro sun burge ba kawai da ƙarancin murya na mawaƙin ba, har ma da basirar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo. Sun kasance masu sha'awar rayuwar sirri na mace mai mutuwa.
An yaba mata da litattafai tare da kusan rabin mashahuran Hollywood, attajirai, har ma da ma'auratan Kennedy. Har ila yau, jaridar "rawaya" ta nuna alamun rashin abokantaka na Dietrich da sauran mata - Edith Piaf, marubuci daga Spain Mercedes de Acosta, ballerina Vera Zorina. Ko da yake ita kanta jarumar ba ta yi tsokaci kan wannan batu ba.
Tauraron fina-finan ya yi aure sau ɗaya ga mataimakin darakta R. Sieber. Ma'auratan sun zauna tare har tsawon shekaru 5. A cikin aure, sun haifi diya mace, Mariya, wadda mahaifinta ya rene. Uwa ta sadaukar da kanta gaba ɗaya ga sana'arta da sha'anin soyayya.
Dietrich ya rasu a shekara ta 1976. Me ya sa ma'auratan ba su sake saki a hukumance ba, suna rayuwa daban, har yanzu ya kasance asiri.
Marlene ba ta ji tsoron canje-canje na musamman a cikin hotonta ba, ta bayyana a fili cewa kyakkyawa ga mace ita ce mafi mahimmanci fiye da hankali. Ita ce ta farko daga cikin adalcin jima'i da ta sanya pantsuit a cikin fim ɗin Maroko (1930), don haka ta kawo sauyi ga duniyar fashion.
Koyaushe kuma a ko'ina ta ɗauki madubai tare da ita, kamar yadda ta yi imanin cewa a kowane hali kayan shafa ya kamata ya zama cikakke. Bayan shiga shekaru masu daraja, ta zama mai zane-zane na farko don yin aikin filastik - gyaran fuska.
Marlene Dietrich ba kawai 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce mai basira da mawaƙa ba, wanda ya bar alama mai haske a tarihin cinema na duniya, amma har ma wata mace mai asiri wadda ta yi rayuwa mai haske da ban mamaki.
Squares a Paris da Berlin suna suna bayanta, an yi fina-finai da yawa game da ita, kuma mawaƙin Rasha A. Vertinsky har ma ya rubuta waƙar "Marlene" don girmama mai zane.
