Mily Balakirev - daya daga cikin mafi tasiri mutane a cikin XNUMXth karni. Mawallafin da mawaki ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa ta hankali ga kiɗa, ba tare da la'akari da lokacin da maestro ya shawo kan rikicin ƙirƙira ba.
Ya zama mai zuga akida, da kuma wanda ya kafa wani salo na daban a cikin fasaha. Balakirev ya bar baya da arziki na gado. Rubutun maestro har yanzu suna nan a yau. Ana iya jin ayyukan kida na Milia a gidajen opera, dakunan kide-kide, serials na zamani da fina-finai.
Yarinta na mawaki Mily Balakirev
Maestro aka haife Janairu 2, 1837 a kan ƙasa na Nizhny Novgorod. Milia ya yi sa'a ya girma a cikin iyali mai hankali na al'ada. Mahaifiyar ta sadaukar da kanta wajen kula da gida da renon yara. Shugaban iyali shi ne wakilin masu sarauta, da kuma mai ba da shawara ga lakabi.
Tsoffin mutanen sun kasance mabiya addinin Kirista na gargajiya. Iyaye sun yi renon dansu a cikin hanyar da ta dace. Yaron ya taso a matsayin yaron addini wanda iyayensa suka gan shi ba kasa da bishop ba. Milius ya ci gaba da kiyaye ƙaunarsa ga Allah. Vera taimaka Balakirev a cikin mafi wuya sau.
Tun tana ƙarami, Mily tana sha’awar kiɗa. Inna ta lura da iyawar danta cikin lokaci ta fara bayyana su. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 6, yaron ya zauna a piano a karon farko kuma ya fara nazarin ilimin kiɗan rayayye. Iyaye masu kulawa sun so su bayyana cikakken ikon ɗansu, don haka suka aika shi zuwa Moscow.
Matasa maestro
A babban birnin kasar Rasha, ya dauki wani accelerated kwas a piano fasaha. A talented shugaba da kuma mawaki Alexander Dubuc yi aiki tare da Balakirev. Lokacin da Balakirev ya koma ƙasarsa, ya ci gaba da karatun kiɗa. Wannan lokacin Karl Eiserich ya zama malaminsa. Ba da da ewa Karl gabatar da talented dalibi zuwa Ulybashev. Mai ba da taimako da mawaƙa sun yi tasiri sosai ga samuwar halin Milia.
A cikin gidan Alexander Dmitrievich, ana gudanar da bukukuwa sau da yawa, wanda ya samu halartar manyan al'adun gargajiya - shahararrun mawaƙa, mawaƙa, marubuta da masana falsafa. Godiya ga irin waɗannan abubuwan, Milia ta haɓaka ɗanɗano na ado.
Mily ya shafe yawancin lokacinsa yana wasa da piano. Azuzuwa sun ƙare bayan mutuwar mahaifiyar. Shugaban gidan ya yi aure karo na biyu. Iyalin sun yi girma, kuma hakan ya haifar da karuwar sharar gida. Uban ba zai iya biyan kuɗin darussan kiɗan ɗansa ba. Kamar yadda wani matashi, da Guy aka aika zuwa Nizhny Novgorod Noble Institute, inda ya samu wani sakandare ilimi.
Ba da daɗewa ba ya shiga Faculty of Mathematics na Jami'ar Kazan a matsayin mai aikin sa kai. Ya so ya yi karatu, amma sai a katse karatun bayan shekara guda. Dalilin barin babbar makarantar ilimi shine rashin isasshen kuɗi. Milia ba ta da wani zabi illa ta samu aiki. Ya samu rayuwarsa ta waka. Balakirev ya koyar da kida ga kowa da kowa. Abin sha'awa shine, a cikin wannan lokacin ya tsara abubuwan farko na piano.
Hanyar m da kiɗa na mawaki Mily Balakirev
Ulybashev, kallon wani talented sani, yanke shawarar kai shi tare da shi zuwa babban birnin kasar al'adu na Rasha. A can ya gabatar da Milia ga shahararren mawaki Glinka. Mikhail ya yaba da ayyukan farko na Balakirev kuma ya shawarce shi kada ya bar kiɗa.
A shekara ta 1856, matashin mawaki ya gabatar da abubuwan da ya faru na farko ga masu sha'awar kiɗa na gargajiya. A lokaci guda, ya kuma bayyana a matsayin jagora a lokacin wasan kwaikwayo na wasan kwaikwayo na allegro tare da ƙungiyar makaɗa don piano.
Ayyukan farko na maestro ya kasance mai ban mamaki. Jama'a na son shi. Bayan wasan kwaikwayon, an ba Milia tayin aiki mai ban sha'awa. An gayyace shi don yin wasan kwaikwayo a wuraren bukukuwa na sirri. Matsayin kudi na Balakirev ya inganta. Abin da bai dace da shi ba shi ne rashin samun lokacin kyauta da zai iya kashewa wajen rubuta sabbin kade-kade na kiɗa.
Ayyukansa sun cika da tsarin kasar Rasha. Mily ya zama sananne a cikin manyan al'umma. A wannan lokacin shine kololuwar ayyukan kide-kide na maestro. Amma har ma Balakirev ya gane cewa an haife shi don ƙirƙirar kiɗa da kuma isar da sababbin ra'ayoyi.
Ya yanke shawarar rage yawan wasan kwaikwayo. Mily ta fara aiki a kan rubuta abubuwan kida. Tabbas, waɗannan asara ce babba. Amma Balakirev bai yi nadama ba, domin ya fahimci cewa wannan shi ne ainihin makomarsa.
Kafa "Mighty Handful"
A farkon shekarun 1850, ya yi sabbin abokai. Mawaƙin ya fara sadarwa tare da V. Stasov da A. Dargomyzhsky. Shi ne tare da wadannan jama'a Figures, kazalika da Serov, cewa ya halitta Mighty Handful al'umma. Sun mai da hankali sosai kan ci gaban al'adun kasa, musamman waka. A kullum sabbin mawaka da mawaka da sauran masana al'adu sun shiga cikin al'umma.
Balakirev ba zai iya wuce ta matasa talanti. Ya dauki alhakinsa ne ya jagoranci iyawarsu ta hanyar da ta dace. Bayan lokaci, an kafa babbar ƙungiyar masu fasaha. Mafi mahimmanci, kowa da kowa yana da hanyar gabatar da kayan kida daban-daban. Hotunan al'adu sun kasance na asali. Amma duk da haka, sun kasance da haɗin kai da son kiɗa da kuma sha’awar taimakon juna. Wakilan al'umma sun inganta ra'ayin kasa a cikin fasahar zamani.
Mily ta fara tsara guntun piano da soyayya masu son. Da zaran ya fara shirya manyan ayyuka na farko, mawakin Rasha Mikhail Glinka ya rinjayi shi. A cikin 1866, maestro har ma ya gayyaci Milia don ya zama darektan samar da wasan kwaikwayo na operas A Life for Tsar da Ruslan da Lyudmila. Balakirev ya shirya yin aiki tare da jin daɗi, yana nuna kansa a matsayin jagorar gwani.
A ƙarshen 1860s, akwai lokaci mai wahala a rayuwar Milia. An yi masa kazafi da suka. Balakirev ya kasance a gefen. Ya ji damuwa. Shekaru da yawa, maestro ya bar kiɗa. Bai saki sababbin abubuwan da aka tsara ba. Ba shi da kwarin guiwa don yin aiki a taki da aka ba shi. Bayan shekaru 10 kawai ya fara rubuta sabbin ayyuka. A cikin wannan lokaci, ya gabatar da waka mai suna "Tamara".
A ƙarshen 1890 akwai lokacin aiki sosai a rayuwar Milia. Gaskiyar ita ce, ya gabatar da adadi mai yawa na abubuwan ƙira don pianoforte. Bugu da kari, ya fara hada symphonic wakoki "A cikin Jamhuriyar Czech" da "Rus".
Cikakkun bayanai na rayuwar sirri na maestro
Mily Balakirev bai taba samun kwanciyar hankali na kudi ba. Wani lokaci yana iya samun kuɗi da yawa, amma galibi ya kasance matalauci. Mawallafin ya kasance mutum ne mai kirkira kuma mai ban sha'awa. Kamar kowane namiji, Mily tana sha'awar mata. Amma mawakin bai kuskura ya kulla alakar iyali da kowa ba. Bai yi aure ba ya bar magada. Balakirev ya kasance mai son kiɗa. Kuma har abada ya kasance a bachelor.
Duk da cewa Mily ya ba da babbar gudummawa ga ci gaban kiɗan gargajiya na Rasha da Turai, maestro bai gina wani abin tunawa a kowane birni ba.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da maestro
- Mawaƙin ya kasance mutum mai tsoron Allah a duk rayuwarsa. Ya kasance yana tunani game da sufi.
- Milius ya kasance mai tsananin adawa da masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Ya yi imanin cewa basirar gaske za a iya "girma" kawai a gida.
- A lokacin bazara, ya yi hutu a Gatchina, wani yanki mai nisa na babban birnin al'adun Rasha. A lokacin da ya tsufa, ya fi sha'awar ba da lokaci daga birni mai cunkoso.
- The symphonic song "Tamara" ba a yi watsi da "Rasha Seasons". Ya yi sa'a ya sadu da Diaghilev.
- Bayan mutuwar Sarkin sarakuna Alexander III (a 1894), mawaki ya yi murabus daga mukamin shugaban Kotun Chapel.
Mutuwar mawaki Mily Balakirev
Mawaƙin ya rasu a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1910. A lokacin rasuwarsa yana da shekaru 73 a duniya. An binne shi a makabartar Tikhvin da ke St. Petersburg. Likitocin ba za su iya bayyana dalilin da ya sa Balakirev ya mutu ba.
