Nikolai Leontovich, shahararren mawaki na duniya. Ba wanda ake kiransa sai Ukrainian Bach. Godiya ne ga kerawa na mawaƙa cewa ko da a cikin kusurwoyi mafi nisa na duniya, waƙar "Shchedryk" tana yin sauti a kowace Kirsimeti. Leontovich ya tsunduma ba kawai a composing m m kade-kade. Ana kuma san shi a matsayin darektan mawaƙa, malami, kuma ƙwararren mai fafutuka, wanda galibi ana bin ra’ayinsa.
Yarinta na mawaki Nikolai Leontovich
Haihuwar Nikolai Leontovich shine ƙaramin ƙauyen Monastyrok a tsakiyar Ukraine (yankin Vinnitsa). A can aka haife shi a cikin hunturu na 1877. Mahaifinsa limamin kauye ne. Samun ilimi na kiɗa, Dmitry Feofanovich Leontovich ya koya wa ɗansa wasa guitar, cello da violin. Mahaifiyar Leontovich, Maria Iosifovna, shi ma wani m mutum. Muryar ta ta sha sha'awar duk unguwar. Ta yi rawar gani na soyayya da wakokin jama'a. Wa}o}in mahaifiyarsa, da yake saurare tun haihuwa, su ne suka kayyade makomar mawakin nan gaba.
Nazari
A 1887, Nikolai aka aika zuwa gymnasium a birnin Nemirov. Amma, tunda an biya karatun, bayan shekara guda iyayen sun kwashe dansu daga makarantar ilimi saboda auren kudi. Mahaifinsa ya sanya shi a makarantar firamare ta coci. Anan Nikolai ya sami cikakken goyon baya. Saurayin ya tsunduma cikin karatun kidan gaba daya. Abokai da nishaɗi ba su da sha'awar mai yin waƙar nan gaba. Tsawon watanni da yawa tuni ya ba wa malamansa mamaki, yana karanta mafi hadaddun sassan kiɗan kiɗan.
Bayan kammala karatunsa daga makarantar coci a 1892, Leontovich ya aika da takardu don shiga makarantar tauhidi na birnin Kamenets-Podolsky. A nan ya yi nazarin piano sosai da kuma tushen ka'idar rera waƙa. Kuma a cikin darussa na ƙarshe, Nikolai Leontovich ya riga ya rubuta shirye-shirye don waƙoƙin jama'a na Ukrainian. Don samfurin, ya ɗauki aikin gunkinsa Nikolai Lysenko.
Nikolai Leontovich: na farko matakai a kerawa
Nikolai Leontovich sauke karatu daga seminary a 1899. Sa'an nan ya yi aiki a yankunan karkara makarantu. Ya san da wahala ga iyalai marasa galihu su ilimantar da ’ya’yansu. Don haka ya yi duk mai yiwuwa domin yaran karkara su samu damar yin karatu. Bugu da kari ga koyarwa, Leontovich kullum inganta music ilimi.
Sun kafa kade-kade na kade-kade. Mawakan sun yi wakoki daga mawakan Rasha da na Yukren. Aiki a cikin kungiyar makada wahayi zuwa ga matasa mawaki da shugaba don ƙirƙirar na farko tarin songs "Daga Podolia" (1901). Aikin ya kasance babban nasara. Saboda haka, bayan shekaru 2, a cikin 1903, da aka saki na biyu girma na songs, wanda aka sadaukar domin Nikolay Lysenko ne adam wata.
Yunkurin Leontovich zuwa Donbas
A 1904, da mawaki yanke shawarar matsawa zuwa Eastern Ukraine. A can ya sami juyin juya halin 1905. A lokacin boren Leontovich bai tsaya a gefe ba. Yakan tara masu kirkire-kirkire a kusa da shi, yana shirya mawaka na ma'aikata wadanda aikinsu shi ne rera waka a lokacin gangami. Irin wannan ayyuka na mawaki ya jawo hankalin hukumomi da kuma, domin kada ya je kurkuku, Leontovich ya koma ƙasarsa ta haihuwa. Ya fara koyar da kiɗa a makarantar diocesan. Amma bai daina tasowa a matsayin mawaki ba.
Ya tafi zuwa ga sanannun a wancan lokacin m theorist Boleslav Yavorsky. Bayan sauraron aikin Leontovich, hasken kiɗa ya ɗauki Nikolai don yin karatu. Nikolai sau da yawa yana tafiya zuwa Kyiv da Moscow don ganin malaminsa. A Kyiv a 1916 Yavorsky taimaka Leontovich shirya wani babban concert, inda "Shchedryk" aka farko yi a cikin tsari na matasa mawaki. An kuma yi wasu ayyuka, irin su "Pivni sing", "Mahaifiya tana da 'ya daya", "Dudaryk", "Tauraro ya tashi", da dai sauransu. Jama'ar Kiev sun yaba da ayyukan Leontovich. Wannan ya zaburar da mawaƙin don yin waƙa da yawa.
Nikolai Leontovich: rayuwa a Kyiv
Lokacin da aka kafa ikon Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Ukrainian Leontovich ya sami damar zuwa babban birnin Ukraine. An gayyace shi zuwa Kyiv don yin aiki a matsayin jagora, da kuma koyarwa a Cibiyar Kiɗa da Wasanni ta Mykola Lysenko. Hakazalika, mawaƙin yana aiki a ɗakin ajiyar kayan tarihi, inda yake tsara da'ira inda kowa zai iya yin karatu. A wannan lokacin, yana rayayye tsara ayyukan kiɗa. Wasu daga cikinsu an haɗa su cikin wasan kwaikwayo na ƙungiyoyin jama'a da masu son.
A cikin 1919 sojojin Denikin sun kama Kyiv. Tun da Leontovich ya dauki kansa a Ukrainian ilimi, dole ne ya gudu daga babban birnin kasar domin kauce wa danniya. Ya koma yankin Vinnitsa. A can ka sami makarantar kiɗa ta farko a cikin birni. Daidai da koyarwa, yana rubuta kiɗa. Daga ƙarƙashin alkalami a cikin 1920 ya zo da wasan opera na almara "A kan Mermaid Easter".
Asiri na kisan Nikolai Leontovich
Dubban wallafe-wallafe ne aka sadaukar don mutuwar ƙwararren mawaki. Ranar 23 ga Janairu, 1921, an harbe Nikolai Leontovich a gidan iyayensa a ƙauyen Markovka, yankin Vinnitsa. Wani wakilin Cheka ne ya kashe shi bisa umarnin hukuma. Shahararren mawaƙin kuma mai aiki na jama'a, wanda ya haɓaka al'adun Ukrainian kuma ya tattara masu hankali game da aikinsa, ya kasance abin ƙyama ga Bolsheviks. Sai kawai bayan ayyana 'yancin kai na Ukraine a cikin 90s na karni na karshe, an sake ci gaba da bincike kan kisan kai. Sabbin bayanai da yawa da bayanai da aka rarraba a lokacin mulkin gurguzu game da gaskiyar kisan sun bayyana.
Gadon mawaki
Nikolai Leontovich ya kasance mai kula da kananan yara. Ana yin waƙoƙi a cikin tsarinsa ba kawai a cikin Ukraine ba. Mutanen Ukrainian da ke zaune a duniya suna rera su. Mawaƙin a zahiri ya canza ran kowace waƙa, ya ba shi sabon sauti - ya zo rayuwa, numfashi, ya haskaka tekun kuzari. Yin amfani da bambancin katako a cikin shirye-shiryensa wani nau'i ne na mawaki. Ya ba wa mawaƙa damar bayyana duk jituwa da yawan sautin waƙar yayin wasan kwaikwayon waƙar.
Dangane da batun, ya fi iri-iri - al'ada, coci, tarihi, yau da kullun, ban dariya, raye-raye, wasa, da sauransu. Mawaƙin ya kuma tabo irin wannan batu kamar waƙar makoki na jama'a. Ana iya gano shi a cikin ayyukan "Suna ɗaukar Cossack", "Snow yana tashi daga bayan dutsen" da sauran su.
