Masana'antar musayar Amurka ta samar da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan, waɗanda yawancinsu sun shahara sosai a duniya. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan shine dutsen punk, wanda ya samo asali ba kawai a cikin Birtaniya ba, har ma a Amurka. A nan ne aka ƙirƙiri ƙungiyar da ta yi tasiri sosai ga kiɗan dutse a cikin 1970s da 1980s. Muna magana ne game da ɗaya daga cikin fitattun makada na punk a cikin tarihin kiɗan Ramones.
Ramones sun zama tauraro a ƙasarsu, sun kai kololuwar shahara kusan nan da nan. Duk da cewa kiɗan dutsen ya canza da yawa a cikin shekaru talatin masu zuwa, Ramones ya ci gaba da tafiya har zuwa ƙarshen karni na XNUMX, yana fitar da kundi guda ɗaya bayan ɗaya.
Shekaru goma na farko na Ramones
Kungiyar ta bayyana a farkon 1974. John Cummins da Douglas Colvin sun yanke shawarar kafa rukunin dutsen nasu. Geoffrey Hyman ba da daɗewa ba ya shiga jerin gwano. A cikin wannan tsarin ne ƙungiyar ta kasance a farkon watanni, tana yin aiki a matsayin uku.
Da zarar Colvin yana da ra'ayin yin aiki a ƙarƙashin sunan mai suna Ramones, wanda aka aro daga Paul McCartney. Ba da da ewa ba ra'ayin ya sami goyon bayan sauran ƙungiyar, saboda haka sunayen mahalarta sun fara kama da haka: Dee Dee Ramone, Joey Ramone da Johnny Ramone. Saboda haka sunan kungiyar Ramones.
Memba na hudu na sabuwar kungiyar shi ne mai buga ganga Tamas Erdeyi, wanda ya dauki sunan Tommy Ramon. Wannan abun da ke ciki na Ramones ne ya zama "zinariya".
Tashi zuwa shahara ga Ramones
Shekarun farko ba a ɗauki ƙungiyar da muhimmanci ba. Hoton na waje ya girgiza masu sauraro na gaske. Yage wando jeans, fata jaket da dogon gashi sun mayar da Ramones zuwa gungu na punks. Ba a haɗa wannan da hoton mawaƙa na gaske ba.
Wani fasali na ƙungiyar shine kasancewar gajerun waƙoƙi 17 a cikin jerin waƙoƙin kai tsaye, yayin da sauran makada na dutse suka fi son waƙoƙin jinkiri da hadaddun waƙa na mintuna 5-6. Mai kama da kerawa na Ramones ya zama sauƙi wanda ba a taɓa ganin irinsa ba, wanda ya ba wa mawaƙa damar jawo hankalin ɗakin studio na gida.
A cikin 1975, an ƙirƙiri sabon madadin "jam'iyyar" na mawaƙa, wanda ya zauna a cikin kulob na CBGB na ƙasa. A can ne suka fara tafiya: Talking Heads, Blondie, Television, Patti Smith da Dead Boys. Har ila yau, mujallar Punk mai zaman kanta ta fara bayyana a nan, wanda ya ba da motsi ga nau'in kiɗan gaba ɗaya.
A shekara daga baya, band ta kai mai taken album bayyana a kan shelves, wanda ya zama cikakken m halarta a karon ga Ramones. Sire Records ne ya fitar da rikodin kuma an yi rikodin shi akan ƙaramin $6400. A wannan lokacin, ayyukan ƙungiyar sun haɗa da waƙoƙi fiye da dozin uku, waɗanda wasu daga cikinsu suna cikin kundi na farko. Sauran abubuwan da suka rage sun kasance tushen don ƙarin sakewa guda biyu, waɗanda aka saki a cikin 1977.
Ramones ya zama babban tauraro na duniya wanda kiɗansa ya fara jin ba kawai a gida ba, har ma a ƙasashen waje. A cikin Burtaniya, sabon rukunin rock ɗin punk ya sami shahara fiye da na gida. A Biritaniya, an fara yin wakoki a rediyo, wanda ya taka rawar gani wajen kara shahara.
Yunkurin kungiyar bai canza ba har zuwa 1978, lokacin da Tommy Ramon ya bar kungiyar. Bayan ya 'yantar da wurin mai ganga, ya zama manajan kungiyar. Matsayin mawaƙin ya tafi Mark Bell, wanda ya ɗauki laƙabi Marky Ramon.
Canje-canje ya faru ba kawai a cikin abun da ke ciki ba, har ma a cikin kiɗan ƙungiyar. Sabon album ɗin Hanyar Zuwa Rugujewa (1978) ya kasance a hankali fiye da abubuwan da aka tattara a baya. Kidan kungiyar ta kara natsuwa da karin waka. Wannan bai shafi motsin wasan kwaikwayon "rayuwa ba".
Kalubale 1980s
A cikin shekaru ashirin da suka wuce, mawakan sun shiga cikin fim ɗin ban dariya Rock 'n' Roll High School, suna wasa da kansu a ciki. Sa'an nan rabo ya kawo Ramones tare da fitaccen mai shirya kiɗa Phil Specter. Ya saita don yin aiki akan kundin studio na biyar na ƙungiyar.
Duk da kyakkyawan fata, Ƙarshen Ƙarni ya zama kundin mafi yawan rigima a cikin aikin Ramones. Wannan ya faru ne saboda ƙin amincewa da sautin dutsen punk da zalunci, wanda aka maye gurbinsa da dutsen pop rock na 1960s.
Ko da yake Graham Gouldman ne ya samar da sabon sakin band ɗin, ƙungiyar ta ci gaba da yin gwaji tare da pop-rock na tsohuwar makaranta. Koyaya, kayan Mafarkai masu daɗi sun fi ƙarfi fiye da wanda aka saki a baya.
Rabin na biyu na shekaru goma yana hade da canje-canje na musamman a cikin abun da ke ciki. Wannan ya yi tasiri sosai akan aikin Ramones.
Ana bambanta fitowar ta gaba da sautin ƙarfe mai nauyi, wanda aka bayyana musamman a cikin ɗayan mafi kyawun kundi na ƙungiyar, Brain Drain. Babban bugu na kundin shine Pet Sematary guda ɗaya, wanda aka haɗa a cikin sauti na fim ɗin tsoro na wannan sunan.
1990s da raguwar ƙungiyar
A farkon 1990s, ƙungiyar ba zato ba tsammani ta ƙare haɗin gwiwa tare da Sire Records, suna ƙaura zuwa Rikodin Radiyo. A karkashin reshen sabon kamfani, mawakan sun yi rikodin kundin Mondo Bizarro.
Wannan shine kundi na farko da ya fito da CJ Rown, wanda ya maye gurbin Dee Dee Ramone. A ciki, ƙungiyar ta fara mai da hankali kan shahararren pop-punk, a asalin abin da ƙungiyar ta tsaya shekaru da yawa da suka wuce.
Ƙungiyar ta fitar da kundi na studio guda uku a cikin shekaru biyar. Kuma a cikin 1996, Ramones a hukumance ya watse.
ƙarshe
Duk da matsaloli tare da barasa da sauye-sauyen layi mara iyaka, Ramones sun bar gudunmawa mai mahimmanci. Mawakan sun fitar da wakoki 14, yayin da suke sauraren abin da ba zai yiwu a tsaya cak ba.
An saka waƙoƙin ƙungiyar a cikin fina-finai da yawa da kuma shirye-shiryen talabijin. Kuma an rufe su da gagarumin adadin taurari.
