Abubuwan cancantar Reinhold Gliere suna da wahala a raina. Reinhold Gliere mawaƙin Rasha ne, mawaƙi, ɗan jama'a, marubucin kiɗa da waƙar al'adun St. Petersburg - kuma ana tunawa da shi a matsayin wanda ya kafa ballet na Rasha.
Reinhold Gliere yarinta da kuruciyarsa
Ranar haihuwar Maestro ita ce Disamba 30, 1874. An haife shi a Kyiv (a lokacin birnin yana cikin daular Rasha). 'Yan uwan Gliere suna da alaƙa kai tsaye da kerawa. Sun yi kayan kida.
Reingold ya zaɓi wata hanya daban don kansa, amma wata hanya ko wata, ya kuma mai da hankali kan kiɗa. An girma a cikin babban iyali. Shugaban iyali ya sami damar samun babban fili a Kyiv kuma ya gina gida tare da taron bita. Wata karamar masana'anta don kera kayan kida ta yi tsawa a ko'ina cikin Turai.
Reingold ya bace na kwanaki a cikin bitar. Ya saurari sautin kayan kida. Tabbas, tuni ya yi mafarkin yin aiki a matsayin mawaƙa.
Reingold samu da profile ilimi a Moscow Music College. Saurayin ya shirya wakokinsa na farko tun yana matashi. Ƙananan ƙananan don piano da violin sun sami godiya ga iyaye, wanda, ta hanyar, sun goyi bayan Gliere a cikin komai.
Sannan ya samu damar halartar wani shagali Peter Tchaikovsky. Ayyukan maestro sun yi tasiri mara gogewa akan Reinhold. Daga baya, zai ce bayan wasan kwaikwayo na Tchaikovsky, a ƙarshe ya yanke shawarar haɗa rayuwarsa da kiɗa.
Ba tare da yawa kokarin, ya gudanar ya shiga Moscow Conservatory. Reingold ya shiga cikin aji na violin, kuma ya fara haɓaka iliminsa a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Sokolovsky.
A 1900 ya samu nasarar sauke karatu daga cibiyar ilimi. A tsawon rayuwarsa ya inganta iliminsa da gogewarsa. Glier ya dauki darussa wajen gudanarwa, hadawa da wasan violin daga fitattun malaman Turai da Rasha.
Hanyar kirkira ta Reinhold Gliere
Bayan kammala karatunsa daga ɗakin karatu kuma na tsawon shekaru 10 - Gliere ya kasance cikin haɓakar haɓakawa. An yi abubuwan da ya yi a kan mafi kyawun matakan Rasha da Turai. Ƙungiyoyin kiɗa na maestro sun sami lambobin yabo a gare su. M. Glinka (tushen da ba na hukuma ba). Daga 1908 ya yi aiki a matsayin madugu (gaba da girma, maestro ya gudanar da nasa abubuwan).
Wani abin mamaki a cikin duniyar kiɗa shine aikin "Ilya Muromets", wanda ya gabatar a 1912 a Moscow Conservatory. Ya juya hankali game da kiɗan gargajiya.
Ba da daɗewa ba Gliere ya sami tayin ya ɗauki matsayi a Kyiv Conservatory. Ya zarce kansa kuma bayan shekara guda ya zama shugaban cibiyar ilimi. Ya ɗauki shekaru 7 kacal kafin Kyiv ya zama babban birnin wasan kwaikwayo na daular Rasha ta lokacin. Ainihin "cream" na al'umma ya zo nan.
Ya mai da hankali sosai ga ayyukan Ukrainian da tatsuniyoyi, wanda ya sami godiya ta musamman da girmamawa daga miliyoyin 'yan Ukrain. Gliere yana da tarin ballet, wasan operas, kade-kade na ban dariya, kide kide da wake-wake, dakin daki da ayyukan kayan aiki don yabo.
Lokutan juyin juya hali da ayyukan Reinhold Gliere
Lokacin da Bolsheviks ke kan mulki, masu hankali, ciki har da Gliere, sun fara shan wahala daga rashin adalci. A cikin wannan lokacin, ma'aikatan sun yi ƙoƙari su buƙata. Duk da wannan, Reingold ya kare zuriyarsa. Cibiyar ta ci gaba da wanzuwa, kuma kusan dukkanin ma'aikatan koyarwa sun kasance a matsayinsu.
Bayan juyin juya halin Rasha, ya ninka matsayinsa a cikin al'ummar Soviet. Amma, har yanzu yana sha'awar duniyar kiɗa. Ya shirya kide-kide kuma ya ci gaba da faranta wa masu sauraro rai tare da gudanar da ayyukansa na musamman.
Ba da daɗewa ba, Reinhold Gliere ya sami tayin daga sarakunan Azerbaijan don ziyartar Baku mai rana. Mawaƙin ba wai kawai ya buga kide kide da wake-wake da yawa ba, har ma ya ƙunshi aikin wasan kwaikwayo na chic "Shahsenem".
Komawa ƙasarsa ta haihuwa, ya shirya ƙirƙirar ɗaya daga cikin fitattun ƴan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa. Muna magana ne game da aikin "Red Flower". Daga baya, zai ce game da aikin: "Na yi aiki koyaushe, fahimtar manyan buƙatun talakawa."
A ƙarshen 20s, maestro ya koma Moscow. Tsawon shekaru ashirin yana koyarwa a makarantar renon yara. Wannan ya isa ya samar da ƙwararrun mawaƙa da mawaƙa da ba za a ƙididdige su ba.
Reingold Gliere: cikakkun bayanai na rayuwar maestro na sirri
Tun kafin ya samu karbuwa, ya auri almajirinsa. ƙwararriyar Swede Maria Rehnquist ta zama matar maestro. Ita kadai ce matar Gliere. Ma'auratan suna renon yara 5.
Shekarun ƙarshe na rayuwa da mutuwar mawaki Reinhold Gliere
Bayan 50s na karni na karshe, ya sami wahayi daga al'adun Ukrainian. A wannan lokaci, ya kammala aiki a kan babbar waka symphonic "Zapovit". Sa'an nan ya fara aiki a kan ballet "Taras Bulba".
Duk da cewa a cikin shekaru na ƙarshe na rayuwarsa ya ciyar a kan yankin Moscow, wannan bai hana shi yawon shakatawa na ƙasarsa ba. Mazauna manyan biranen Ukraine suna kallon wasan maestro a wannan lokacin.
A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, ya rubuta sanannen Quartet na hudu. A cikin shekarun bayan yaƙi, ya fara aiki a kan Dokin Bronze da Taras Bulba.
Kaico, a tsakiyar shekarun 50s, lafiyarsa ta tabarbare sosai. Likitoci sun dage cewa kada mawaƙin ya yi wa kansa nauyi kuma ya yi aiki tuƙuru. Gliere ya riƙe "kare" har zuwa ƙarshe - shi ba kowa ba ne ba tare da kiɗa ba. Ya rasu a ranar 23 ga watan Yuni, 1956. Mutuwar ta zo ne a sakamakon ciwon jini na kwakwalwa. An binne gawarsa a makabartar Novodevichy.
