'Yan wasan rock da nadi sun cika da rigima kamar The Who.
Dukkan mambobi hudun suna da halaye daban-daban, kamar yadda fitattun wasanninsu na raye-raye suka nuna a zahiri - Keith Moon ya taba fadowa kan kayan ganga nasa, kuma sauran mawakan sukan yi karo da juna a kan mataki.
Ko da yake ya ɗauki ɗan lokaci don ƙungiyar ta sami masu sauraronta, a ƙarshen 1960s Wanda ya yi hamayya har ma da Rolling Stones a cikin wasan kwaikwayon rayuwa da tallace-tallacen kundi.
Ƙungiyar ta busa dutsen gargajiya da R&B tare da riffs na fushin Townsend, ƙananan layukan bass na Entwistle da kuma ganguna masu ruɗi da wata.
Ba kamar yawancin makada na dutse ba, Waɗanda suka kafa rhythm ɗin su akan guitar, suna barin Moon da Entwistle su ci gaba da haɓaka yayin da Daltrey ke yin waƙoƙin.
Wanda ya yi nasarar yin wannan raye-raye, amma wata shawara ta taso kan rikodi: Townsend ya zo da ra'ayin haɗa fasahar fasaha da ra'ayi a cikin repertoire na band.
An dauke shi daya daga cikin fitattun mawakan Burtaniya na wannan zamani, kamar yadda wakoki irin su The Kids Are Alright da My Generation suka zama wakokin matasa. A lokaci guda kuma, wasan opera nasa na rock Tommy ya sami girmamawa daga mahimman masu sukar kiɗan.
Duk da haka, sauran The Who, musamman Entwistle da Daltrey, ba koyaushe suke sha'awar bin sabbin abubuwan kiɗan sa ba. Suna so su yi wasa da dutsen dutse maimakon waƙoƙin Townsend.
Wanda ya kafa kansu a matsayin rockers a tsakiyar 1970s, suna ci gaba da wannan tafarki bayan mutuwar Moon a 1978. Duk da haka, a kololuwar su, Waɗanda suka kasance ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun makada masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi.
Samuwar The Who
Townsend da Entwistle sun hadu a lokacin da suke makarantar sakandare a Shepherd's Bush na London. A matsayin matasa, sun yi wasa a cikin band Dixieland. A can Entwist ya buga ƙaho kuma Townsend ya buga banjo.
Sautin ƙungiyar cikin sauri ya haɓaka ƙarƙashin rinjayar ba kawai masu fasaha na Amurka ba, har ma da mawaƙan Birtaniya da yawa.
Hakan ya biyo bayan sauya sunan kungiyar. Mutanen suna buƙatar wani abu mai ban sha'awa fiye da Dixieland, don haka suka zauna a kan Wanda.
Ƙungiyar ta kunna kiɗan da ta ƙunshi ruhi gaba ɗaya da R&B, ko kuma kamar yadda aka rubuta a kan fastocin su: R&B mafi girma.
Gitar farko da ta karye a cikin rukunin Ze Hu
Wata rana, Townsend da gangan ya fasa gitarsa ta farko a wani wurin shagali a Otal ɗin Railway. Ya sami damar kammala wasan kwaikwayon tare da sabon sayan kirtani 12 Rickenbacker.
Townsend ya gano mako mai zuwa cewa mutane sun zo musamman don ganin ya fasa gitarsa.
Da farko, Lambert da Stamp sun girgiza cewa Townsend ya sake lalata wani guitar a matsayin wani ɓangare na yakin talla. Duk da haka, a lokacin, bai fasa gita a kowane wasan kwaikwayo ba.
Ba zan iya Bayyanawa ba
A ƙarshen 1964, Townsend ya ba wa ƙungiyar asalin waƙar Ba zan iya Bayyanawa ba, wanda ke da bashi ga Kinks da ɗayansu Kai Gaske Ni. Waƙoƙin Townsend sun yi tasiri mai ƙarfi akan matasa, godiya ga cikakkiyar muryoyin ƙarfi na Daltrey.
Bayan wasan da ƙungiyar ta yi a cikin shirin talabijin Ready, Steady, Go, wanda Townsend da Moon suka lalata kayan aikinsu, ɗayan da ba zan iya bayyanawa ba ya isa Burtaniya. A Birtaniya, ya kasance a cikin goma na farko.
A farkon 1966, Matsakaici guda ɗaya ya zama babban XNUMX na Burtaniya na huɗu. Keith Lambert da aka samar ya nuna ƙarshen kwangilar Decca/Brunswick ta Burtaniya.
An fara tare da Sauyawa, ƙungiyar ta sanya hannu tare da Polydor a Ingila. Ni Yaro ne, wanda aka sake shi a lokacin rani na 1966, shine Wanda ya fara aure ba tare da sakin Decca/Brunswick ba, kuma ya nuna yadda ƙungiyar ta zo cikin watanni 18.
Tarihi a Amurka ya bambanta sosai. Waɗanda ba su yi aure ba ba su yi nasara ba duk da tallace-tallacen da aka yi daga gidan talabijin na ABC rock and roll wurin Shindig.
Nasarar da aka samu a Biritaniya tana da girma, amma hakan bai wadatar ba. Fasa kayan aiki mai rai da tasirin rakiyar sun yi tsada sosai, don haka ƙungiyar tana cikin bashi akai-akai.
Album na biyu
Townsend ya rubuta waƙar take na kundi a matsayin ƙaramin opera na mintuna goma. Mai Sauri Yayin da Yake Nisa shine ƙirƙirar Townsend wanda ya wuce dutsen da birgima.
Waƙar tana da ƙayyadaddun aura na opera da rock, kodayake ƙungiyar kanta ta sami ɗan ƙima a lokacin.
Bayan an sake shi a cikin 1966, A Quick One ya zama wani bugun Biritaniya kuma ya ba da ƙaramin “ci gaba” na Amurka.
Yin a takaice saiti sau biyar a rana, kungiyar ta haifar da tasirin da ya dace ga jama'a. Babban ci gaban Amurka na gaba shine wasan kwaikwayon kundin Fillmore East a San Francisco.
Saboda haka, mawaƙa sun sami matsala. Ayyukan da kundin da ya gabata sun yi tsayi da yawa, mintuna 15-20 sun isa. Koyaya, saitin mintuna 40 ɗin su na yau da kullun ya zama gajere ga Gabas ta Fillmore.
A cikin littafin Richard Barnes Maximum R&B, an ambaci cewa domin su sa saitin su ya ɗorewa, dole ne mawaƙa su koyi duk ƙaramin opera da ba su yi kai tsaye ba.
Bayan sabon kundin kide-kide, a cikin watan Yuni 1967, sun buga mafi mahimmancin wasan kwaikwayo na Amurka, bikin Monterey International Pop Festival, inda suka fuskanci Jimi Hendrix don yin fare wanda zai iya kammala saitin su da kyau.
Hendrix ya yi nasara da wasansa mai zafi, amma Wanda ya yi rawar gani ta hanyar lalata kayan aikinsu cikin ban mamaki.
Ayyukan Concept Wanene Ya Siyar
Wanene Sell Out kundin ra'ayi ne da kuma girmamawa ga gidajen rediyon 'yan fashin teku a Ingila da aka rufe sakamakon murkushe gwamnati.
Ƙungiyar sun sanya mafi kyawun aikin su akan wannan kundi don ƙarfafa matsayinsu a Ingila kuma a ƙarshe sun mallaki kasuwar Amurka tare da I Can See for Miles.
Ayyukan Daltrey shine mafi kyawun aikinsa har zuwa yau, wanda Townsend's edgy guitar work, Moon's frenetic drumming da Entwistle's hard bass ke goyan bayansa.
Don samun wannan sautin ya ɗauki aiki mai yawa a cikin ɗakuna daban-daban guda uku, a nahiyoyi biyu da bakin teku biyu.
Waƙar ta kasance mai wuyar gaske har ta zama bugu ɗaya kawai da suka ƙi kunna kai tsaye. Dan wasan ya kai matsayi na goma a Amurka kuma ya kai lamba biyu a Ingila.
Amincewa da mamaye Amurka
An sake Tommy a watan Mayu 1969, fiye da shekara guda da rabi bayan The Who Sell Out. Kuma a karon farko, taurari sun yi layi don yin aiki tare da ƙungiyar. Wannan ya bayyana musamman a Amurka.
Tommy ya yi US Top Ten yayin da ƙungiyar ta tallafa wa kundin tare da balaguron balaguro. Yawon shakatawa na Wane na gaba ya sanya ƙungiyar ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali na dutse guda biyu a duniya tare da Rolling Stones. Nan da nan, labarin nasu ya dauki hankalin miliyoyin masoya.
Kundin Quadrophenia biyu da watsewar band
Tare da sakin Quadrophenia, ƙungiyar ta daina aiki tare da Keith Lambert, wanda bai ƙara rinjayar ƙungiyar ba. Entwistle ya ƙaddamar da nasa aikin solo tare da Smash Your Head Against the Wall.
Kundin Quadrophenia biyu ya sayar da kyau sosai, amma ya zama yanki mai wahala saboda yana da wahala a kunna shi kai tsaye.
Tawagar ta fara raguwa bayan sakin Quadrophenia. A cikin jama'a, Townsend ya damu game da matsayinsa na mai magana da yawun kiɗan rock, kuma a cikin sirri ya nutse cikin shan barasa.
Entwistle ya mai da hankali kan aikinsa na solo, gami da rikodin tare da ayyukan gefensa Ox da Rigor Mortis.
A halin yanzu, Daltrey ya kai kololuwar iyawarsa - ya zama sanannen mawaƙa na gaske kuma yana da ban mamaki a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo.
Moon ya shiga cikin dukkan matsala mai tsanani, ta amfani da abubuwa masu kwakwalwa. A halin yanzu, Townsend yayi aiki akan sababbin waƙoƙi, wanda ya haifar da aikinsa na solo na 1975, The Who By Lambobi.
Wanda ya sake zama a farkon 1978 don yin rikodin Wanene Kai. Wannan aikin ya kasance babban nasara, ya kai lamba biyu a cikin jadawalin Amurka.
Duk da haka, a maimakon zama mai nasara dawowa, kundin ya zama alamar bala'i - a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 1978, Moon ya mutu saboda yawan maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Tun da ya kasance wani muhimmin ɓangare na sauti da hoton Wanene, ƙungiyar ba ta san abin da za ta yi ba. Bayan ɗan lokaci, ƙungiyar ta ɗauki hayar ƙaramin ɗan wasan bugu Kenny Jones a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin kuma ta fara aiki akan sabbin abubuwa a cikin 1979.
Wani rabuwar kungiyar
Bayan wani wasan kwaikwayo a Cincinnati, ƙungiyar ta fara raguwa a hankali. Townsend ya zama kamu da hodar iblis, tabar heroin, masu kwantar da hankali, da barasa, yana fama da kusan kisa a cikin 1981.
A halin yanzu, Entwistle da Daltrey sun ci gaba da ayyukansu na solo. Ƙungiyar ta sake taro a cikin 1981 don yin rikodin kundi na farko tun mutuwar Moon, Face Dances, zuwa gaurayawan bita.
A shekara mai zuwa, The Wanda ya saki It's Hard kuma ya fara yawon shakatawa na ƙarshe. Duk da haka, ziyarar bankwana a zahiri ba yawon shakatawa ba ne. Ƙungiyar ta sake haɗuwa don yin wasa Live Aid a cikin 1985.
Wanda kuma ya sake haduwa a cikin 1994 don kide-kide biyu na bikin cika shekaru 50 na Daltrey.
A lokacin rani na 1997, ƙungiyar ta fara balaguron balaguron Amurka, wanda manema labarai suka yi watsi da su. A watan Oktobar 2001, ƙungiyar ta buga "Concert for New York" don iyalan wadanda harin 11/XNUMX ya shafa.
A karshen watan Yunin 2002, Wanda ke gab da fara yawon shakatawa na Arewacin Amurka lokacin da Entwistle ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani yana da shekaru 57 a Otal din Hard Rock a Las Vegas.
A cikin 2006, Townsend da Daltrey sun fito da mini-opera Wire & Glass (haɗin gwiwar farko a cikin shekaru 20).
A ranar 7 ga Disamba, 2008, a wani biki a Washington, D.C., Townsend da Daltrey sun sami karramawar Cibiyar Kennedy don gudunmawar rayuwarsu ga al'adun Amurka.
