Edvard Grieg ƙwararren mawaki ne kuma jagorar Yaren mutanen Norway. Shi ne marubucin ayyukan ban mamaki guda 600. Grieg ya kasance a tsakiyar tsakiyar ci gaban romanticism, don haka abubuwan da ya rubuta sun cika da motifs na lyrical da launin waƙa. Ayyukan maestro sun shahara a yau. Ana amfani da su azaman waƙoƙin sauti don fina-finai da nunin TV.
Edvard Grieg: Yaro da matasa
An haife shi a shekara ta 1843 a Bergen. Grieg ya girma a cikin dangi na farko mai hankali, inda suka mutunta ba kawai waƙa ba, har ma da kiɗa. Edward, ya tuna yarinta ne kawai a hanya mai kyau.
Yana da sha'awar fasaha ga mahaifiyarsa, ɗan wasan pian mai ban mamaki kuma mawaƙa. Ta rene 'ya'yanta akan ayyukan Mozart da Chopin marasa mutuwa. Edward ya zauna a piano a karon farko yana da shekaru uku, kuma a lokacin yana da shekaru 5 ya tsara aikinsa na farko.
Matashin maestro ya rubuta waƙar don piano yana ɗan shekara 12. Bisa shawarwarin malaminsa, ya shiga Leipzig Conservatory. Malamin da ya yi karatu tare da Edward ya annabta kyakkyawar makoma a gare shi, amma Grieg da kansa ya yi shakkar ƙwarewar malamin, don haka ya ƙi ayyukansa.
Hanyar kirkira ta mawaki Edvard Grieg
Yayin da yake karatu a ɗakin ajiya, Grieg ya sha ilimin kamar soso. A lokacin karatunsa, ya rubuta guda da yawa don piano. Bugu da kari, a cikin wannan lokaci, maestro ya hada da 4 lyrical romances.
Ba shi da wahala ya kammala karatunsa a jami'ar conservatory tare da girmamawa. Shi ne wanda farfesa da malamai suka fi so. Masu ba da shawara sun ga wani mawaƙi na asali a cikinsa wanda babu shakka zai ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban kiɗan gargajiya.
Bayan kammala karatunsa daga kwalejin Conservatory, Edward zai gudanar da kide-kidensa na farko a Switzerland. Sai dai ba zai ci gaba da zama a kasar ba. Ƙasar Motherland ta jawo shi, don haka ya tafi Bergen.
Ya zauna a Copenhagen. A cikin 60s ya tsara kyawawan piano guda shida. Ba da daɗewa ba ya haɗa ayyukan zuwa Hotunan Waƙoƙi. Babban abin da ke cikin ayyukan, a cewar masu sukar kiɗa, shine daɗin ƙasa.
Kafa al'ummar waka
Bayan 'yan shekaru, Grieg da sauran mawakan Danish sun kafa ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Euterp. Sun ci gaba da manufar gabatar da masu son kiɗan gargajiya zuwa ayyukan mawaƙan Danish. Wannan lokaci a cikin m biography Grieg alama ta gabatar da abun da ke ciki "Humoresque", da overture "Autumn" da kuma Farko Violin Sonata.
Mawakin yayi sauri ya hau matakin sana'a. Ba da da ewa maestro, tare da matarsa, suka koma ƙasar Oslo. An ba Grieg matsayi a matsayin jagora a Philharmonic na gida.
A wannan lokacin ne aka yi ta samun bunkasuwar tarihin rayuwar mawakin. Ya gabatar da magoya bayansa tare da littafin littafin "Lyric Pieces", Violin Sonata na Biyu, da kuma sake zagayowar "Wakoki da raye-raye na 25 na Norwegian".
A 1870, Grieg ya yi sa'a don sanin mawaki Liszt. Na ƙarshe ya yi farin ciki da gaske bayan ya ji Maestro's First Violin Sonata. List ya yi ta gode wa Edward don goyon bayansa.
Wani tabbaci na shaharar Grieg shine gaskiyar cewa a cikin 70s gwamnati ta nada maestro biyan kuɗi na rayuwa. Don haka, jami'ai sun so su kula da "hasken" na mawaki.
Wannan lokacin kuma yana da ban sha'awa saboda mawaƙin ya saba da mawaƙin Henrik Ibsen. Grieg ya sha'awar ayyukansa tun yana yaro. Edward ya rubuta makada don wasan kwaikwayo na Ibsen. Muna magana ne game da abun da ke ciki "Peer Gynt". Wannan taron ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa maestro ya zama mashahuriyar duniya.
Bayan wadannan abubuwan da suka faru, Grieg ya koma ƙasarsa ta tarihi ba kawai a matsayin mashahuri ba, har ma a matsayin mawaki mai arziki. Bayan isowa, ya zauna a cikin villa "Trollhaugen", inda ya yi aiki har mutuwarsa.
Maestro ya burge shi da kyawun wurin da dukiyarsa take. Wannan ya sa Grieg ya rubuta abubuwan da aka tsara "Tsarin Dwarves", "Kobold", "Songs of Solveig" da kuma dozin ƙwararrun suites.
Ya rubuta da yawa ga abokansa. A cikin wasiƙun nasa ya bayyana kyawawan ƙawayen Norway. Ya rera waƙa game da yanayi kuma ya isar da duk dabarar abubuwan halitta. Abubuwan da ya yi tun lokacin rayuwarsa a Trollhaugen waƙoƙin yabo ne ga manyan dazuzzuka da koguna masu sauri.
Tafiya na mawaki Edvard Grieg
Duk da yawan shekarunsa, maestro yana tafiya da yawa a Turai. Ziyartar manyan biranen al'adu, ya ci gaba da yawon shakatawa, yana faranta wa magoya bayan aikinsa murna tare da ƙwaƙƙwaran wasan kwaikwayo na rashin mutuwa.
A ƙarshen 80s, mawaƙin ya sadu da mawallafin Rasha Pyotr Tchaikovsky. Sun fahimci juna tun daƙiƙan farko. Masanin mawaƙan ya girma ya zama abokantaka mai ƙarfi. Tchaikovsky ya sadaukar da Hamlet Overture ga Grieg. Peter ya yaba da aikin abokin aikinsa na waje a cikin tarihinsa.
Shekaru biyu kafin mutuwarsa, maestro zai saki labarin tarihin kansa "Nasara Na Farko". Masoya kuma sun yaba da hazakar waka ta maestro. Masu suka sun lura da salon hasken mawakin. Cikin raha ya gaya wa mai karatu yadda aikinsa ya bunkasa: daga maigidan da ba a san shi ba zuwa gunki na miliyoyin.
Grieg bai bar mataki ba har zuwa ƙarshen kwanakinsa. An gudanar da kide-kide na karshe na maestro a Denmark, Norway da Netherlands.
Edvard Grieg: Cikakken bayanin rayuwarsa
Kamar yadda aka gani a farkon rabin labarin, bayan kammala karatunsa daga jami'ar Conservatory, Edward ya koma Copenhagen. Dan uwansa Nina Hagerup ya lashe zuciyarsa. Grieg ya ga yarinyar a karo na ƙarshe lokacin da ta kasance kawai 8 shekaru. Da yake sake saduwa da ita, Edward ya lura cewa ta yi fure kuma ta fi kyau.
'Yan uwan sun fusata cewa Grieg yana ƙoƙarin kula da kyawawan matasa. Shi kansa maestro bai damu sosai da fushin baki ba. Ya yi wa Nina tayin aure. La'antar al'umma da alaƙar dangi bai hana matasa halatta dangantakar su ba. Sun yi aure a shekara ta 1867. Matsi na ɗabi'a ya tilasta wa iyalin ƙaura zuwa yankin Oslo, kuma bayan shekaru biyu ma'auratan sun haifi ɗa. Iyaye masu farin ciki suna yarinya Alexander.
Yarinyar ta rasu tun tana karama. An gano yaron yana da ciwon sankarau, kuma wannan muguwar cuta ce ta kashe yarinyar. Grieg da Nina sun ji haushi sosai da rashin. Auren su ya kasance cikin daidaito. Matar a hankali ba za ta iya tsira da asarar yaro ba. Nina ta yi baƙin ciki. Ba da daɗewa ba ta shigar da karar saki.
Tafiyar matarsa Grieg yayi la'akari da cin amana. Ya ƙaunaci Nina kuma ba ya son saki. Dangane da abubuwan da suka faru, an gano mawaƙin tare da pleurisy, wanda ke barazanar haɓakawa zuwa tarin fuka. Rashin lafiyar mawakin ya hada zukatan tsoffin ma'aurata. Nina ta koma maestro kuma ta kalli Edward.
Matar ce ta sa ta gina wani villa a wajen birnin. Daga baya, Grieg zai gode wa Nina saboda wannan ra'ayin, tun da yake a nan ne ya sami kwanciyar hankali.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da mawaki
- Grieg ya haɗa abubuwan ƙirƙira cikin cikakken shiru kawai. Wataƙila shi ya sa ya gina gida daga hayaniyar birni.
- Da basira ya buga piano da violin.
- Ba kamar yawancin abokan aiki a kan mataki ba, Grieg yayi ƙoƙari kada ya soki mawaƙa da mawaƙa.
- Ya ɗauki abin tunawa da shi, kwaɗɗen yumbu ne mai ƙanƙanta.
- Ya yi nasarar cin zarafin Sarkin Norway da kansa. Lokacin da ya gabatar masa da odar, Grieg bai san inda zai rataya lambar yabo ba, sai kawai ya sanya ta cikin aljihun baya.
Mutuwar maestro
A cikin bazara na 1907, mawaki ya tafi wani yawon shakatawa. Bayan haka, ya so ya tafi yawon shakatawa na Burtaniya. Ya tafi tafiya tare da matarsa, yana zaune a daya daga cikin otal din gida, maestro ya ji ba dadi sosai. An kai shi asibiti akan lokaci.
Ya rasu ne a ranar 4 ga watan Satumba. A wannan rana, kusan dukkan mazaunan Norway sun yi makokin babban maestro. Edward ya yi wasiyya da ya kona gawar tare da binne tokar a kusa da Villa. Ya kamata a lura cewa daga baya an sake binne tokar a makabartar Ninu Hagerup.
Villa, inda mawakin ya rayu fiye da shekaru 10, yana buɗewa ga masu sha'awar babban mawaki da mawaƙa. An adana kayan Grieg, aikinsa da kayansa a cikin ginin. Yanayin da ke mulki a cikin villa yana nuna halin mai shi daidai. Don girmama Grieg, ana kiran sunayen titunan garinsu. Godiya ga kyawawan ayyukan kiɗa, ƙwaƙwalwar maestro za ta rayu har abada.
