Kowa ya san ko su wane ne Pistols na Jima'i - waɗannan su ne mawakan dutsen dutse na Burtaniya na farko. A lokaci guda, Clash shine mafi haske kuma mafi nasara wakilin wannan dutsen punk na Burtaniya.
Tun daga farko, ƙungiyar ta riga ta kasance mai ladabi da kida, tana faɗaɗa babban dutsen su da naɗa tare da reggae da rockabilly.
An albarkaci ƙungiyar tare da nasara, suna da mawaƙa na musamman guda biyu a cikin arsenal - Joe Strummer da Mick Jones. Dukkan mawakan biyu suna da kyakkyawar murya, wanda kuma ya yi tasiri mai kyau ga nasarar kungiyar.
Ƙungiyar Clash ta fi mayar da kansu a matsayin 'yan tawaye, masu juyin juya hali. A sakamakon haka, mawaƙa sun sami magoya baya masu sha'awar a bangarorin biyu na Tekun Atlantika.
Kodayake da sauri sun zama kusan jaruman rock and roll a Burtaniya, na biyu bayan Jam a cikin farin jini.
Ya ɗauki mawaƙan shekaru da yawa don “ratsawa” cikin kasuwancin nunin Amurka. Lokacin da suka yi haka a cikin 1982, sun lalata dukkan sigogi a cikin 'yan watanni.
Clash bai taba zama fitaccen tauraron da suke son zama ba. Duk da haka, mawakan sun yi jajircewa zuwa dutsen da birgima da nuna rashin amincewa.
Tarihin ƙirƙirar Clash
Clash, wanda akai-akai yana rera waka game da juyin juya hali da ma'aikata, yana da ban mamaki asalin dutsen gargajiya. Joe Strummer (John Graham Mellor) (an haife shi a watan Agusta 21, 1952) ya shafe yawancin ƙuruciyarsa a makarantar kwana.
A lokacin da yake a farkon shekarunsa na 20, yana yawo ne kawai a kan titunan Landan kuma ya kafa wata makada mai suna 101 a gidan mashaya.
Kusan lokaci guda, Mick Jones (an Haife shi 26 Yuni 1955) ya yi gaba da ƙungiyar Rock Rock ta London SS. Ba kamar Strummer ba, Jones ya fito daga asalin aji mai aiki a Brixton.
A cikin kuruciyarsa, ya kasance cikin dutsen da birgima, yana kafa London SS da niyyar maimaita sautin makada kamar Mott da Hoople da Fuskoki.
Abokin yarinta na Jones Paul Simonon (an haife shi a watan Disamba 15, 1956) ya shiga ƙungiyar a matsayin bassist a cikin 1976. Bayan sauraron Pistols na Jima'i; ya maye gurbin Tony James, wanda daga baya ya shiga ƙungiyar Sigue Sigue Sputnik.
Bayan halartar wasan kwaikwayon kai tsaye ta Pistols Jima'i a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, Joe Strummer ya yanke shawarar a farkon 1976 don watsar da 101 don bin sabon jagorar kiɗan mai ƙarfi.
Ya bar ƙungiyar jim kaɗan kafin sakin su na farko Maɓallan Zuciyar ku. Tare da guitarist Keith Levene, Strummer ya shiga cikin sake fasalin London SS, wanda yanzu aka sake masa suna The Clash.
Farawa na Clash
Clash sun buga wasan kwaikwayo na farko a lokacin rani na 1976 don tallafawa Pistols na Jima'i a London. Levine ya bar kungiyar jim kadan bayan fara wasan.
Jim kaɗan bayan haka, ƙungiyar ta fara rangadin farko. Pistols yawon shakatawa na Anarchy, wanda ya fara a ƙarshen 1976, ya ƙunshi kide-kide uku kawai.
Duk da haka, a cikin irin wannan ɗan gajeren lokaci, ƙungiyar ta sami damar kammala kwangilar farko a watan Fabrairun 1977 tare da kamfanin Birtaniya na CBS.
Ƙungiyar ta yi rikodin kundi na farko a cikin kwanaki uku na karshen mako. Lokacin da aka kammala rikodin, Terry Chimes ya bar ƙungiyar kuma Topper Headon ya shiga ƙungiyar a matsayin mai ganga.
A cikin bazara, ƙungiyar ta farko ta Clash White Riot da kundi na halarta na farko an fitar da su zuwa gagarumin nasara da tallace-tallace a cikin Burtaniya, wanda ya kai lamba 12 akan jadawalin.
Sashen Amurka na CBS sun yanke shawarar cewa Clash bai dace da jujjuyawar rediyo ba, don haka sun yanke shawarar ba za su saki kundin ba.
Babban Yawon shakatawa na White Riot
Shigo da rikodin ya zama mafi kyawun siyar da rikodin kowane lokaci. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan fitar da kundin, ƙungiyar ta fara wani balaguron balaguron farar hula da The Jam da Buzzcocks ke tallafawa.
Babban wasan yawon shakatawa shi ne wasan kwaikwayo a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Rainbow na London, inda ƙungiyar ta yi tallace-tallace na gaske. Yayin yawon shakatawa na White Riot, CBS ta cire waƙar Remote Control daga kundin a matsayin guda. A cikin martani, Karo ya yi rikodin Cikakken Ikon sarrafawa tare da alamar reggae Lee Perry.
Matsaloli tare da doka
A cikin 1977, Strummer da Jones suna cikin kuma daga gidan yari saboda ƙananan laifuka iri-iri, daga ɓarna zuwa satar matashin kai.
A wannan lokacin, an kama Simonon da Khidon saboda harbin tattabarai da makaman huhu.
Hoton Clash ya sami ƙarfafa sosai ta waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru, amma ƙungiyar kuma ta fara shiga cikin ayyukan zamantakewa. Misali, mawakan sun yi wasa a wurin kade-kade na Rock Against Racism.
Guda (Farin Mutum) A Hammersmith Palais, wanda aka saki a lokacin rani na 1978, ya nuna karuwar hankalin jama'a.
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ɗayan ya hau lamba 32, Clash ya fara aiki akan kundi na biyu. Furodusa shine Sandy Perlman, wanda ya kasance na Blue Öyster Cult.
Perlman ya kawo wa 'Em Isasshen igiya sauti mai tsabta amma mai ƙarfi wanda ke nufin kama duk kasuwannin Amurka. Abin baƙin ciki, da "nasara" bai faru - album peaked a lamba 128 a Amurka Charts a cikin bazara na 1979.
Labari mai dadi shine cewa rikodin ya shahara sosai a cikin Burtaniya, yana halarta a saman jadawalin.
Mu tafi yawon shakatawa!
A farkon 1979, Clash sun fara rangadin farko na Amurka, Pearl Harbor '79.
A wannan lokacin rani, ƙungiyar ta fito da EP kawai na Burtaniya, Farashin Rayuwa, wanda ya haɗa da sigar murfin Bobby Fuller Four I Fought the Law ("Na Yaƙi Doka").
Bayan fitowar lokacin rani na ƙarshe Karo a Amurka, ƙungiyar ta fara balaguron balaguron Amurka na biyu, tare da ɗaukar Mickey Gallagher na Ian Dury & Blockheads a matsayin mai sarrafa madannai.
Yawon shakatawa na farko da na biyu na Amurka tare da Clash kuma sun ƙunshi masu fasaha na R&B kamar Bo Diddley, Sam & Dave, Lee Dorsey da Screamin' Jay Hawkins, da kuma ɗan wasan ƙasar Joe Ely da ɗan wasan punk rockabilly band the Cramps. .
London yana kira
Zaɓin masu fasaha na baƙi ya nuna cewa Clash ya kasance cikin tsohon rock'n roll da duk tatsuniyoyinsa. Wannan sha'awar ita ce ke haifar da ci gaban albam biyu na London Calling.
Guy Stevens ne ya samar da shi, wanda a baya yayi aiki tare da Mott the Hoople, kundin yana ɗaukar salo iri-iri tun daga rockabilly da R&B zuwa rock da reggae.
An sayar da kundi guda biyu a farashin rikodi ɗaya, wanda, ba shakka, yana da tasiri mai kyau akan shahararsa. Rikodin ya yi muhawara a lamba 9 a Burtaniya a ƙarshen 1979 kuma ya kai lamba 27 a Amurka a cikin bazara na 1980.
Sandinista!
Rikicin ya zagaya Amurka da Burtaniya da Turai cikin nasara a farkon shekarun 1980.
A lokacin bazara, ƙungiyar ta saki Bankrobber guda ɗaya, wanda mawaƙan suka yi rikodin tare da DJ Mikey Dread. An yi nufin waƙar don masu sauraron Dutch kawai.
A faɗuwar rana, haɗin gwiwar Burtaniya na CBS an tilastawa sakin guda ɗaya saboda buƙatu da yawa. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, ƙungiyar ta yi tafiya zuwa New York don fara aiki mai wahala da tsayi na rikodin biyo baya zuwa Kiran London.
An fito da wani EP na Amurka a watan Nuwamba mai suna Karo na Kasuwar Baƙar fata. Watan mai zuwa, faifan kundi na huɗu na ƙungiyar, Sandinista!, wanda aka fitar lokaci guda ya kafa rikodin a cikin Amurka da Burtaniya.
An gauraya martani mai mahimmanci game da kundin, tare da masu sukar Amurkawa sun fi mayar da martani fiye da takwarorinsu na Biritaniya.
Bugu da kari, masu sauraron kungiyar a Burtaniya sun dan ragu kadan - Sandinista! shine rikodin farko na ƙungiyar don siyarwa mafi kyau a Amurka fiye da na Burtaniya.
Bayan kashe mafi yawan 1981 akan yawon shakatawa, Clash sun yanke shawarar yin rikodin kundi na biyar tare da mai gabatarwa Glyn Jones. Wannan tsohon furodusan The Rolling Stones, Wanda kuma Led Zeppelin.
Headon ya bar kungiyar jim kadan bayan kammala zaman. A wata sanarwa da ya fitar, an ce ya yi bankwana da kungiyar ne saboda sabanin siyasa. Daga baya an bayyana cewa ya watse ne saboda yawan shan muggan kwayoyi.
Ƙungiyar ta maye gurbin Headon tare da tsohon dan wasan su, Terry Chimes. An fitar da kundi na Combat Rock a cikin bazara. Kundin ya zama kundi mafi nasara na Clash.
Ya shiga cikin ginshiƙi na Burtaniya a lamba 2 kuma ya buga saman goma a cikin jadawalin Amurka a farkon 1983 tare da buga Rock the Casbah.
A cikin kaka na 1982, Clash ya yi tare da The Who a kan yawon shakatawa.
Faɗuwar rana na aiki mai nasara
Kodayake Clash sun kasance a kololuwar kasuwancin su a cikin 1983, ƙungiyar ta fara raguwa.
A cikin bazara, Chimes ya bar ƙungiyar kuma Pete Howard, tsohon memba na Cold Fish ya maye gurbinsa. A lokacin bazara, ƙungiyar ta jagoranci bikin Amurka a California. Wannan shine babban bayyanarsu ta ƙarshe.
A watan Satumba, Joe Strummer da Paul Simonon sun kori Mick Jones saboda "ya rabu da ainihin ra'ayin Clash". Jones ya kafa Big Audio Dynamite a shekara mai zuwa. A wannan lokacin, Clash ya hayar mawaƙa Vince White da Nick Sheppard.
A lokacin 1984, ƙungiyar ta zagaya Amurka da Turai, "gwajin" sabon layi. Ƙungiyar da aka farfado The Clash sun fitar da kundi na farko, Cut the Crap, a watan Nuwamba. Kundin ya sadu da sake dubawa mara kyau da tallace-tallace.
A farkon 1986, Strummer da Simonon sun yanke shawarar wargaza ƙungiyar ta dindindin. Bayan 'yan shekaru, Simonon ya kafa ƙungiyar dutsen Havana 3 AM. Ta fitar da kundi guda daya kacal a shekarar 1991, bayan fitowar albam din da ya mayar da hankali kan zanen.
Sa'an nan mawaƙin ya zama sha'awar cinema, bayyana a cikin Alex Cox ta "Madaidaiciya zuwa Jahannama" (1986) da "Mystery Train" by Jim Jarmusch (1989).
Strummer ya fitar da kundi na solo Weather girgizar kasa a cikin 1989. Ba da da ewa ba, ya shiga The Pogues a matsayin yawon shakatawa rhythm guitarist da vocalist. A cikin 1991, ya yi shuru ya shiga cikin inuwa.
Zauren Fame
An shigar da ƙungiyar a cikin Rock and Roll Hall of Fame a cikin Nuwamba 2002, har ma da shirin sake haɗuwa. Duk da haka, kungiyar ba ta nufin samun dama ta biyu ba. Strummer ya mutu kwatsam saboda ciwon zuciya na haihuwa a ranar 22 ga Disamba, 2002.
A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, Jones da Simonon sun kasance masu aiki a fagen kiɗa. Jones ya samar da kundi guda biyu don ƙwararrun ƙungiyar rock ɗin Libertines, yayin da Simonon ya haɗu tare da Blur's (Damon Albarn).
A cikin 2013, ƙungiyar ta sanar da sakin babban aikin adana kayan tarihi mai suna Sound System. Ya haɗa da sabbin abubuwan sake yin kundi guda biyar na farko na ƙungiyar, ƙarin CD guda uku na rarities, ɗigo da demos, da DVD.
Tare da saitin akwatin, an fito da sabon tarin, The Clash Hits Back.
